北京外國語大學(xué)2000年同聲翻譯試題
I. 將下列短文譯成英語（35％）
失敗產(chǎn)品
提到產(chǎn)品，人們往往對名牌、精品津津樂道，而對一般產(chǎn)品卻不屑一顧，對失敗產(chǎn)品更是諱
莫如深。其實，如同干任何事情都難有百分之百的把握一樣，研制開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品也難免會遭遇
失敗。據(jù)悉，美國紐約有一個失敗產(chǎn)品博物館，該館展出了美國大量不受歡迎的產(chǎn)品，目前總數(shù)已達8 萬多件。該館還向人民提供這樣一個數(shù)字:美國每年推向市場的產(chǎn)品達5400 多種，而真正收到青睞的只有20％。應(yīng)該說，我們的許多生產(chǎn)廠家都能正視失敗產(chǎn)品，并從失敗產(chǎn)品中汲取教訓(xùn)，比如有的企業(yè)專門設(shè)立失敗產(chǎn)品陳列室、劣質(zhì)產(chǎn)品樣品倉庫等等，但也有一些企業(yè)不能正確對待失敗產(chǎn)品。更有甚者，在研制開發(fā)產(chǎn)品時動輒提出“只許成功，不許失敗”的口號，這不僅有違客觀規(guī)律，也是不現(xiàn)實的。
失敗產(chǎn)品的原因市多種多樣的，有的不符合市場要求，有的上市時間太遲，還有的品名、商標有問題等等，都有待研究。失敗產(chǎn)品其實是一面鏡子，經(jīng)營者在研制開發(fā)產(chǎn)品時都不妨對著這面鏡子照一照、瞧一瞧，以免重蹈覆轍。

II. 將下列單句譯成英語（15％）
1. 在全球經(jīng)濟日趨一體化的當今世界里，任何國家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展變化都與國際大環(huán)境
的發(fā)展變化休戚相關(guān)，在瞬息萬變、高風(fēng)險的證券市場中，這一點體現(xiàn)得尤為突出。


2.近年來，盡管我國政府堅持把控制人口，節(jié)約資源，保護環(huán)境放在重要位置，一步步提升
環(huán)境保護力度，但是環(huán)境惡化的趨勢還沒有得到有效控制。


3.建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度，增強成本意識與競爭觀念，促進企業(yè)經(jīng)營管理水平的提高，從而提高
國際競爭能力，這是企業(yè)發(fā)展的根本途徑。


III. 將下列短文譯成漢語（35％）
No issue is more in need of rethinking than the concept of humanitarian intervention put forward as the administration’s contribution to a new approach to foreign policy. The air war in Kosovo is Sjustified as establishing the principle that the international community —— at least NATO —— will henceforth punish the transgressions of governments against their own people. But we did not do so in Algeria, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Croatia, Rwanda, the Caucasus, the Kurdish area and many other regions. But what are the criteria for this distinction? And what will be our attitude to emerging ethnic conflicts in Asia, for example in Indonesia and the Philippines? The answer often given is that we act where we are able to without undue risk. And what kind of humanism expresses its reluctance to suffer military casualties by devastating the civilian economy of its adversary for decades to come?
Moral principles are expressed in absolutes. But foreign policy must forever be concerned with reconciling ends and means. The fact that ethnic cleansing is repugnant does not obviate the need to devise the most appropriate response. At every stage of the Kosovo tragedy, other mixes of diplomacy and force were available, though it is not clear they were ever seriously considered. A tragedy that vindicates its moral convictions only from altitudes above 15,000 feet —— and in the process devastates Serbia and makes Kosovo unlivable —— has already produced more……
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