船用制冷設(shè)備的維護(hù)管理及常見(jiàn)故障分析
（此畢業(yè)論文共11471字）
目 錄
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 船用制冷設(shè)備概述 3
1.1 緒論 3
1.2 蒸汽壓縮式制冷裝置的原理 4
2 船舶制冷裝置的管理特點(diǎn) 5
2.1 一般制冷裝置操作管理的兩條基本原則 5
2.2 船舶制冷管理的要點(diǎn) 6
2.2.1 液擊 6
2．2.2 冰塞 7
2.2.3 保護(hù)冷卻器 8
2.2.4 減少磨損 8
2.2.5 多臺(tái)并聯(lián)分組的封閉式壓縮機(jī)加冷劑 8
2.2.6 人身防護(hù) 8
3 船舶制冷裝置的故障診斷及其對(duì)策 9
3.1 制冷壓縮機(jī)的故障分析 9
3.1.1　壓縮機(jī)啟動(dòng)頻繁 9
3.1.3 壓縮機(jī)制冷能力下降故障及診斷 10
3.1.4 壓縮機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不停的故障和診斷 10
3.1.4.1　熱負(fù)荷太大或壓縮機(jī)排氣量減小 11
3.1.4.2　裝置制冷量不足 11
3.1.4.3控制元件失靈 12
3.1.5　滑油不正常 12
3.1.6 制冷量不足 12
3.2 制冷系統(tǒng)常見(jiàn)故障及排除 12
3.2.1冷凝壓力和冷凝溫度過(guò)高 12
3.2.2熱力膨脹閥常見(jiàn)故障診斷 12
3.2.3 蒸發(fā)器常見(jiàn)故障診斷 13
4 結(jié)論 14
鳴 謝 15
參考文獻(xiàn) 16
摘 要
在當(dāng)今的船上，船舶制冷裝置是冷藏船、液化氣船、船舶伙食冷庫(kù)、冷藏集裝箱和船舶中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的核心設(shè)備。伴隨著海運(yùn)業(yè)迅速發(fā)展和制冷、空調(diào)裝置的廣泛使用，在制冷裝置操作管理中正確分析、判斷并迅速排除故障已成為輪機(jī)管理人員的重要職責(zé)。制冷裝置各部件設(shè)計(jì)制造不妥，或操作管理不當(dāng)均可能造成相關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)部件和自控元件頻繁出現(xiàn)故障。故障一旦產(chǎn)生，船舶管理人員就應(yīng)及時(shí)分析故障誘發(fā)因素，并快速、準(zhǔn)確地找出故障源進(jìn)而加以排除。因此，對(duì)船用制冷裝置的故障診斷與處理對(duì)輪機(jī)員來(lái)說(shuō)是一項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作。此文分析了船舶制冷裝置的常見(jiàn)故障，并從設(shè)計(jì)和管理兩方面闡明了各種常見(jiàn)故障的診斷方法，并著重從船舶制冷操作管理角度提出了排除各種故障的相應(yīng)的對(duì)策。
關(guān)鍵詞：制冷裝置；管理；故障分析；對(duì)策
ABSTRACT
In today's on board, ship cooling device is a refrigeration ships, liquefied gas vessels, ship food cold storage, refrigerated containers and ship the core of central air-conditioning system equipment. Along with the rapid development of the maritime industry and refrigeration, air-conditioning device widely used in refrigeration equipment in proper operation and management analysis, troubleshooting to determine and quickly has become an important engine management functions. Refrigeration equipment design and manufacture of various components is wrong, or the operation may be caused by mismanagement related to moving parts and frequent failure of self-control components. Fault once, ship managers should be timely analysis of fault-induced factors, and quickly and accurately identify the fault source to be excluded. Therefore, marine refrigeration equipment fault diagnosis and treatment of the engineer is a challenging task. This article analyzes the common ship refrigeration device failure, and from the design and management of two common failure to clarify a variety of diagnostic methods and focus on operations management from the perspective of the ship refrigeration has removed all kinds of faults corresponding countermeasures.
KEYWORDS: refrigeration equipment; management; failure analysis; countermeasures