摘要

隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人口的迅速增長(zhǎng)，世界城市化的進(jìn)程，特別是發(fā)展中國(guó)家的城市化進(jìn)程不斷加快，城市的發(fā)展往往引發(fā)人口擁擠、住房緊張、交通阻塞、環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞等一系列問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題都是城市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與城市生態(tài)環(huán)境之間矛盾的反映，建立一個(gè)人與自然關(guān)系協(xié)調(diào)與和諧的生態(tài)型城市，可以有效解決這些矛盾。本文從總的目標(biāo)，就是要營(yíng)造一個(gè)健康、節(jié)能、舒適的人居環(huán)境，因此城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)面臨的問(wèn)題以及改進(jìn)措施對(duì)人類(lèi)的生存發(fā)展有著關(guān)鍵的必要性。文章首先對(duì)XX城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀及其所面臨的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行調(diào)查了解;然后把XX市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)面臨的問(wèn)題對(duì)市民所造成的的影響作了分析；文章最后提出了改善生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的措施及方法。

關(guān)鍵詞 XX 城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng) 影響 問(wèn)題 改進(jìn)措施

Abstract

With the socio-economic development and rapid population growth, the process of urbanization in the world,particularly in developing countries, accelerating the urbanization process, often lead to the development of the city crowded population, housing stress, traffic congestion, environmental pollution, a range of issues such as ecological damage, all these problems are the city's economic development and urban ecological environment a reflection of the contradictions between, the establishment of a relationship between man and nature co-ordination and harmony of the eco-city, can effectively resolve these contradictions. The overall goal of this article from, is to create a healthy, energy-efficient and comfortable living environment, so facing the urban ecosystem, as well as improvements to human survival and development of a critical need for. The article first ecosystems to the status quo in Harbin city and the issues facing investigation; And then, Harbin ecosystems to the problems faced by the public caused by the impact of an analysis; The article concludes with measures to improve the ecological systems and methods.

Key words Harbin Urban ecosystem Impact problem
Improvement measures

目錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究的目的及意義研究區(qū)域現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究情況 1
第2章 城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的概述 5
2.1 城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的概念及構(gòu)成 5
2.2城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的作用 5
2.3　生態(tài)城市的主要特點(diǎn) 6
2.4 城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康指數(shù) 6
2.5 城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 6
第三章 XX市城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀以及面臨的問(wèn)題分析 9
3.1 XX市城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)狀 9
3.2城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)不斷惡化的三大原因 10
3.3 XX市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)水平評(píng)價(jià)的指標(biāo)體系 10
3.3.1生態(tài)城市評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)計(jì)算 11
3.3.2生態(tài)綜合指數(shù)的計(jì)算與分級(jí) 11
3.4XX城市生態(tài)水平的問(wèn)題評(píng)價(jià)分析 12
第4章 城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所面臨問(wèn)題對(duì)居民生活的影響 13
4.1水資源匱缺對(duì)市民的影響 13
4.2環(huán)境污染對(duì)市民的影響 13
4.3交通擁擠對(duì)市民的影響 13
4.4人口增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快 13
第5章 XX城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)措施 15
5.1 生態(tài)城市建設(shè)的指導(dǎo)思想和目標(biāo) 15
5.2XX市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)建設(shè)對(duì)策研究 15
5.2.1轉(zhuǎn)變思想，提高環(huán)保和生態(tài)意識(shí) 15
5.2.2加快理論研究，制定生態(tài)城市指標(biāo)體系 16
5.2.3建立生態(tài)城市環(huán)境保護(hù)新機(jī)制 16
5.2.4把握關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)——生態(tài)城市建設(shè)規(guī)劃 17
5.2.5突出城市個(gè)性特點(diǎn)，樹(shù)立城市生態(tài)風(fēng)尚 18
5.2.6重視城市間、區(qū)域間的合作 18
5.3XX市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)具體改進(jìn)措施 19
結(jié)論 21
致謝 22
參考文獻(xiàn) 23
附錄1 23