本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 電子體溫計(jì)的研制

摘  要
在現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，溫度是常用的測(cè)量及被控參數(shù)。隨著時(shí)代的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展，單片機(jī)技術(shù)已經(jīng)普及到我們生活、工作、科研各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，已經(jīng)成為一種有力的工具，本文介紹一種基于單片機(jī)控制的數(shù)字溫度計(jì)。它克服了傳統(tǒng)的水銀溫度計(jì)測(cè)溫速度慢、環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重、攜帶不方便等缺點(diǎn)。介紹了系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)，利用半導(dǎo)體熱敏電阻物理參數(shù)（如電阻、電壓、電流等）與環(huán)境溫度之間存在的確定關(guān)系，將體溫以數(shù)字的形式顯示出來(lái)，讀數(shù)清晰又安全。采用ATmega16單片機(jī)來(lái)對(duì)溫度進(jìn)行測(cè)量，不僅控制方便、組態(tài)簡(jiǎn)單靈活，還能夠減小儀表的體積。本論文將介紹電子體溫計(jì)的基本概念，基于ATmega16單片機(jī)的電子溫度計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程，分析NTC熱敏電阻和LM35作為測(cè)溫傳感器的非線性糾正方法，介紹液晶顯示屏的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序。
關(guān)鍵詞：電子體溫計(jì)，熱敏電阻，ATmega16單片機(jī)，液晶屏
ABSTRACT
In modern industrial production， the temperature is measured and charged with common parameters. As the times progress and development， single chip technology so pervasive in our lives， work， research in various fields， has become a powerful tool， this paper introduces a microcomputer-based control of the digital thermometer. It overcomes the traditional mercury thermometer temperature is slow， serious environmental pollution， bring inconvenience shortcomings. Describes the hardware and software design， using semiconductor thermistor physical parameters (such as the resistance， voltage， current， etc.) and the environment determine the relationship that exists between the temperature， the temperature displayed in digital form， reading a clear and safe. ATmega16 microcontroller used to measure the temperature not only easy to control， simple and flexible configuration， it can reduce the size of instrument. This paper will introduce the basic concepts of electronic thermometer， electronic thermometer based on ATmega16 microcontroller design process， analysis of NTC thermistor and temperature sensor LM35 linear as correct methods of introducing liquid crystal display driver.I
Keywords: digital thermometer， thermistor，ATmega16 microcontroller，LCD screen
目   錄
1 緒論 1
1.1 體溫計(jì)的發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2 新型智能電子體溫計(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)及其特點(diǎn) 2
1.3 總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 2
2 測(cè)溫電路的設(shè)計(jì) 4
2.1 溫度傳感器的介紹 4
2.2 熱敏電阻溫度測(cè)量計(jì)算 11
2.3 放大電路部分 12
2.4 恒流源電路 13
3 ATmega16單片機(jī) 17
3.1 ATmega16單片機(jī)硬件介紹 17
3.2 電源管理與睡眠模式 21
3.3 系統(tǒng)控制和復(fù)位 22
3.4 AD轉(zhuǎn)換器 24
4 液晶屏JXD1602 26
4.1液晶顯示簡(jiǎn)介 26
4.2 1602字符型LCD簡(jiǎn)介 26
4.3液晶特性參數(shù) 29
4.4 控制器接口時(shí)序說(shuō)明 31
5 編程介紹 33
5.1 軟件設(shè)計(jì)和仿真軟件 33
5.2 源程序 35
6 結(jié)論 45
參考文獻(xiàn) 47
致 謝 48