車(chē)輛工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)—城市客車(chē)總布置設(shè)計(jì)之駕駛區(qū)設(shè)計(jì).rar
車(chē)輛工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)—城市客車(chē)總布置設(shè)計(jì)之駕駛區(qū)設(shè)計(jì),摘 要本論文題目為《城市客車(chē)總布置設(shè)計(jì)》。通過(guò)課題所給定的底盤(pán),最終確定該車(chē)為大型中級(jí)市區(qū)城市客車(chē)。此車(chē)長(zhǎng)10.45m,寬2.50m,高3.27m,主要用于市內(nèi)的短途客運(yùn)。車(chē)內(nèi)布置合理,共有39個(gè)乘客座且車(chē)內(nèi)空間寬敞,滿足營(yíng)運(yùn)商較大載客量的要求。車(chē)身整體造型以簡(jiǎn)約、流暢的...
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內(nèi)容介紹
原文檔由會(huì)員 毛楚楚2010 發(fā)布車(chē)輛工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)—城市客車(chē)總布置設(shè)計(jì)之駕駛區(qū)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
本論文題目為《城市客車(chē)總布置設(shè)計(jì)》。通過(guò)課題所給定的底盤(pán),最終確定該車(chē)為大型中級(jí)市區(qū)城市客車(chē)。此車(chē)長(zhǎng)10.45m,寬2.50m,高3.27m,主要用于市內(nèi)的短途客運(yùn)。車(chē)內(nèi)布置合理,共有39個(gè)乘客座且車(chē)內(nèi)空間寬敞,滿足營(yíng)運(yùn)商較大載客量的要求。車(chē)身整體造型以簡(jiǎn)約、流暢的線條勾勒,富有時(shí)代感的歐洲造型風(fēng)格和含蓄、富有中國(guó)人文底蘊(yùn)的文化相結(jié)合,給乘客帶來(lái)耳目一新的視覺(jué)享受。全金屬車(chē)身蒙皮,前后圍整體成型工藝,有效提高了車(chē)身蒙皮的剛度及強(qiáng)度,剛性好,重量輕。此車(chē)的總重量為9152kg,相比同類(lèi)型車(chē)總重(10噸左右),車(chē)重較輕。國(guó)III排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),降低空氣污染,充分滿足客管部門(mén)的要求。客車(chē)前后均為鋼板彈簧+雙向作用同時(shí)減震器,有效降低懸架噪聲,乘坐舒適性高。駕駛區(qū)按照人機(jī)工程學(xué)布置,有效地降低駕駛員的工作強(qiáng)度,降低長(zhǎng)時(shí)間駕駛的疲勞感,保障車(chē)輛行駛的安全性。本論文還介紹了此城市客車(chē)的設(shè)計(jì)目的,主要結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)并進(jìn)行相關(guān)的動(dòng)力性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性計(jì)算以檢驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。
關(guān)鍵詞: 城市客車(chē),整車(chē)設(shè)計(jì),結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),技術(shù)參數(shù)
ABSTRACT
This paper entitled General Layout Design of a city bus. On the basis of the chassis given by the subject,the car finally identified for large Middle-level city buses. The length of the bus is10.45m, the width is 2.50m, the height is3.27m .It is mainly used for short-distance transport of passengers in cities. The car is reasonably arranged, a total of 39 passenger seats and the spacious interior, Which meets the requirements of the bus operators who demand for large capacitye.The overall shape of the bus is worked out by simple, smooth lines,combinating the European style which has rich sense of the times with the rich culture of China which has humanities details. It brings a new perspective feeling to the passengers. It uses technology of body skin with all metal and the front and the rear for integral type.As a result,The strength and stiffness of the body skin of the bus are improved efeectively.The total weight of the bus is 9152kg.It is lighter compared with the other buses which almost are 10000kg.It meets the State III emission standard.So it can reduce the air pollution and fully meet the requirements of the bus management.Because it uses leaf spring suspension and two-way shock absorber, the noise of suspension can be reduced.High comfort is acquired. Driving Area is arranged in accordance with ergonomics .it effectively reduces the work intensity of the driver,reduces the fatigue of driving for a long time and makes the bus keep safe .In this paper,the purpose of design,the main structural features are introducted.,and computing the power and economy of the engine to test weather thedesign is reasonable.
KEY WORDS: city bus,Vehicle design,structural features,technical parameters
目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1.國(guó)外大型客車(chē)行業(yè)技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.國(guó)外城市客車(chē)技術(shù)發(fā)展新趨勢(shì) 3
1.3.我國(guó)城市客車(chē)現(xiàn)狀 6
1.4.我國(guó)城市公交的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 7
第二章 設(shè)計(jì)原則及設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù) 11
2.1.設(shè)計(jì)原則 11
2.2.設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù) 11
第三章 總布置設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.1.車(chē)型、車(chē)身總體尺寸及車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)確定 13
3.1.1.車(chē)型的確定 13
3.1.2.車(chē)身總體尺寸的確定 13
3.1.3.車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的確定 13
3.2.客車(chē)車(chē)內(nèi)尺寸的確定 14
3.2.1.駕駛區(qū)尺寸的確定 14
3.2.2.乘客區(qū)尺寸的確定 17
3.3.主要總成結(jié)構(gòu)型式及主要技術(shù)參數(shù) 18
3.3.1.底盤(pán)主要總成結(jié)構(gòu)和性能要求 18
3.3.2.車(chē)身主要總成型式和性能要求 20
3.4.空調(diào)、暖風(fēng)機(jī)、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的選取依據(jù) 22
3.4.1.空調(diào)的選取 22
3.4.2.暖風(fēng)機(jī)的選取 22
3.4.3.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)型號(hào)的選取 22
第四章 整車(chē)性能計(jì)算 24
4.1.整車(chē)整備質(zhì)量、滿載質(zhì)量 24
4.2.重心位置及軸荷分配計(jì)算 25
第五章 動(dòng)力性、燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性、穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 28
5.1.動(dòng)力性計(jì)算 28
5.1.1.動(dòng)力性計(jì)算基本參數(shù) 28
5.1.2.客車(chē)動(dòng)力性計(jì)算原理 30
5.1.3.客車(chē)動(dòng)力性指標(biāo)計(jì)算 31
5.1.4.客車(chē)的動(dòng)力性計(jì)算結(jié)果 33
5.2.燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性計(jì)算 36
5.3.穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 37
5.3.1.縱向穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 37
5.3.2.橫向穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 38
第六章 駕駛員視野校核 39
6.1.視野校核的目的 39
6.2.視野校核的依據(jù) 39
6.2.1.汽車(chē)駕駛員眼橢圓概述 39
6.2.2.眼橢圓樣板的制取 39
6.2.3.眼橢圓樣板在車(chē)身視圖上的定位 40
6.3.視野校核內(nèi)容及結(jié)果 42
6.3.1.前方視野 42
6.3.2.后方視野 43
6.3.3.側(cè)方視野 44
第七章 轉(zhuǎn)向輪跳動(dòng)校核 45
7.1.作轉(zhuǎn)向輪跳動(dòng)圖的目的 45
7.2.校核結(jié)果 45
第八章 客車(chē)制造的相關(guān)工藝 46
結(jié) 論 47
致 謝 48
參考文獻(xiàn) 49
附錄 50