畢業(yè)論文——激發(fā)中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的幾種有效途徑


Acknowledgement
 I would like to thank all those who have given me their generous help, commitment and enthusiasm, which have been the major driving force to complete the current paper.
I am extremely grateful to my supervisor Miss Lan for her most valuable guidance and suggestions in my thesis writing as well as her constant encouragement. Without her help, this thesis would not have come to an end. 
My acknowledgement also goes to the teachers engaged in the work of the Department of Foreign Language and Literature whose instructive lectures provided a basis for my thesis.
Finally, I would like to thank my friends and classmates for their support and careful considerations in this thesis writing.

                               
 
Abstract
With the rapid development of globalization and frequent exchange, English has become very important that many parents ask their children to learn it even from younger age. For Chinese students, English has become a main subject in their study. However, teachers often find some unmotivated students who are unable to learn English well. How to motivate these students to learn English well is the main common issue met by all English teachers and it is the main reason why we do this research. This paper shows that there are many factors that affect students’ English learning, among them motivation is an important one. Motivation often can be described in many types, and the main broad categories are extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. According to extrinsic motivation, the author suggests three ways to motivate middle school students in English learning: using reward appropriately, using competition and cooperation, creating a positive and relaxed learning climate. Based on intrinsic motivation, the author also gives three suggestions: providing opportunities for students to experience success, using active attribution strategies, using students’ curiosity. In short, since many middle school students lack motivation, English teachers have duty to find some effective ways to motive students in English learning. The author hopes that this study can benefit both English teachers and learners and spark more research in education area in the future.

Key words: motivation, middle school students, English learning

摘 要
隨著全球化快速發(fā)展和頻繁的交流,英語已經(jīng)變得非常重要,許多父母要求他們的孩子從很小的時候就開始學(xué)習(xí)英語。對于中國學(xué)生來說,英語已經(jīng)成為他們的一門主要科目。然而,老師們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)一些沒有動力的學(xué)生無法學(xué)好英語。如何激發(fā)這些學(xué)生學(xué)好英語是很多英語教師面臨的共同課題,這也是我們研究此課題的主要原因。此項研究指出有很多因素影響學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語，其中動機是一個重要因素。動機通?？梢苑譃樵S多類型,主要兩大類是外在與內(nèi)在動機。根據(jù)外在動機的原理，筆者提出了三種建議來激發(fā)中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語:使用適當(dāng)?shù)莫剟?；使用競爭與合作；營造一個積極向上的學(xué)習(xí)氛圍?；趦?nèi)在動機的原理，筆者也提出了三種建議：提供機會給學(xué)生體驗成功；使用歸因戰(zhàn)略；利用學(xué)生的好奇心。簡而言之,因為許多中學(xué)生缺乏學(xué)習(xí)英語的動力,因此英語教師有責(zé)任尋找一些行之有效的方法幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語。作者希望本研究能讓英語教師與學(xué)習(xí)者都受益和引發(fā)將來其再教育領(lǐng)域更深的探討。

關(guān)鍵詞：動機; 中學(xué)生; 英語學(xué)習(xí)

Contents
Acknowledgement I
Abstract II
摘 要 III
1. Introduction 1
2. Theoretical Rationale 1
2.1 Definition of Motivation 1
2.2 The Importance of Motivation in English Learning 3
2.3 The Main Categories of Motivation-- Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation 4
3. Ways to Motivate Middle School Students in English Learning 5
3.1 Making Use of Extrinsic Motivation 5
3.1.1. Using Reward Appropriately 6
3.1.2 Using Competition and Cooperation 7
3.1.3 Creating a Positive and Relaxed Learning Climate 8
3.2 Making Use of Intrinsic Motivation 9
3.2.1 Providing Opportunities for Students to Experience Success 9
3.2.2 Using Active Attribution Strategies 11
3.2.3 Using Students’ Curiosity 11
4. Conclusion 13
References 14