智能轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
轉(zhuǎn)速是工程中應(yīng)用非常廣泛的一個(gè)參數(shù)，其測(cè)量方法較多，隨著單片機(jī)對(duì)脈沖數(shù)字信號(hào)的處理能力越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大，使得全數(shù)字量系統(tǒng)越來(lái)越普及，并且使轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量系統(tǒng)也可以用全數(shù)字化處理。
本文在對(duì)了解轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量理論與掌握單片機(jī)原理的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)硬件設(shè)計(jì)，提出系統(tǒng)程序設(shè)計(jì)方案，構(gòu)建軟件系統(tǒng)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)智能轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量與顯示的功能。
本設(shè)計(jì)根據(jù)基于AT89C51單片機(jī)的測(cè)速測(cè)量電路，設(shè)計(jì)出轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量軟件系統(tǒng)，此系統(tǒng)包含系統(tǒng)初始化程序的設(shè)計(jì)、鍵盤掃描程序的設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)接收和處理程序的設(shè)計(jì)、顯示程序的設(shè)計(jì)四個(gè)模塊。對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的軟件系統(tǒng)通過μVision3軟件對(duì)其進(jìn)行程序調(diào)試。最后，對(duì)構(gòu)建的系統(tǒng)利用設(shè)計(jì)的電路進(jìn)行調(diào)試，對(duì)測(cè)量指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了分析、比較并提出改進(jìn)方案。在設(shè)計(jì)中測(cè)量方法采用M法進(jìn)行測(cè)量，編譯語(yǔ)言采用C語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行編譯。
    本課題完成了軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了智能轉(zhuǎn)速系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)速計(jì)算、顯示功能，同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)鍵盤的開始/停止功能，完成了設(shè)計(jì)的要求。
關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī) 轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量 軟件設(shè)計(jì)
Intelligent rotational speed measurement system of software design
Abstract
Rotational speed is the engineering of a very wide range of parameters, its measurement more, with the SCM digital signal on the pulse of more and more powerful processing capability, making the volume of all-digital system is becoming increasingly popular, and so rotational speed measurement system can be used to deal with all-digital.
In this paper, the understanding of the theory and master rotational speed measurement based on the principle of SCM, the system program design, to build software systems, compiler, in order to achieve intelligent Rotational speed measurement and display functions.      In this paper, accroding to the tachometric survey system based on the SCM of AT89C51, I designed the software part of it. This system includes four module: the initializer code design, the keyboard scanning code design, the data receiving and processing code design and the displaying code design. I set up them using the software ofμVision3. At last, the builded system is setted up through circuit. The measured index were analysed and compared and the improved programmes were proposed. M method was adopt in the measuring and the language of C was adopt to comple.
The design of software system of this project is completed. The function of   calculating and displaying the speed of rotation and the beginning and stoping of keyboard are finished. Finally I achevie the requirment of design.

Key words: SCM  tachometric survey  Software Design
 
目錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
1  緒論 1
1．1課題研究目的和意義 1
1．2轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量在國(guó)內(nèi)外研究情況 1
1．3主要內(nèi)容和存在的問題 2
1．3．1研究的主要內(nèi)容 2
1．3．2需解決的問題 2
2  基于單片機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量方法及原理 3
2.1單片機(jī)測(cè)量轉(zhuǎn)速的方法 3
2.2轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量原理 4
2.2.1測(cè)周期法“T法” 4
2.2.2測(cè)頻法“M法” 4
2.2.3測(cè)頻測(cè)周法M/T法 5
3  智能轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的硬件結(jié)構(gòu) 7
3.1系統(tǒng)的硬件結(jié)構(gòu) 7
3.2硬件電路中主要部件的介紹 9
4  智能轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 11
4.1單片機(jī)C51的介紹 11
4.1.1單片機(jī)C語(yǔ)言與匯編語(yǔ)言 11
4.1.2 C51對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)C語(yǔ)言的擴(kuò)展 12
4.2程序設(shè)計(jì) 12
4.2.1工作方式及控制字設(shè)置 12
4.2.2變量分配及程序的初始化 14
4.2.3顯示功能的實(shí)現(xiàn) 15
4.2.4鍵盤的功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)與設(shè)計(jì) 17
4.3系統(tǒng)流程 17
5  程序調(diào)試及固化 18
5．1單片機(jī)開發(fā)平臺(tái)簡(jiǎn)介 18
5．2本系統(tǒng)開發(fā)平臺(tái) 18
5.2.1keil C51軟件集成開發(fā)環(huán)境 18
5.2.2程序調(diào)試 18
6  結(jié)論 22
6.1主要研究結(jié)論 22
6.2研究展望 23
參考文獻(xiàn) 24
致  謝 26
附錄 1 電路圖 29
附錄 2 源程序 30