電氣工程自動化畢業(yè)論文


基于模糊控制的弧焊電源的研究

摘  要
焊接是現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中不可或缺的加工方法，而弧焊電源是決定焊接質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵因素。逆變弧焊電源是近年來發(fā)展起來的一種小型、輕量、高效、節(jié)能的弧焊電源。模糊控制方以其適用范圍廣，控制精度高等特點已廣泛應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)的各個領(lǐng)域，隨著微機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，將其應(yīng)用于弧焊電源已經(jīng)成為可能。本課題以研究出性能優(yōu)越、經(jīng)濟(jì)實用的逆變弧焊電源為目的，將最新的軟開關(guān)逆變技術(shù)和先進(jìn)的模糊控制方式結(jié)合起來應(yīng)用于弧焊電源的設(shè)計之中。
本課題研究的主要內(nèi)容是基于模糊控制的軟開關(guān)式逆變弧焊電源的設(shè)計，在分析了全橋零電壓逆變主電路的運行規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上，詳細(xì)介紹了主電路的設(shè)計方案，包括功率器件的選擇、保護(hù)以及高頻變壓器的設(shè)計等;本課題采用集成化的微機(jī)控制，采用移相PWM控制方式實現(xiàn)逆變器的軟開關(guān)，所采用的閉環(huán)反饋和模糊控制實現(xiàn)了電源的恒流輸出，為提高控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性及抗干擾性能，本文采取了一系列有效的措施;按照弧焊電源所需實現(xiàn)的功能要求，本文開發(fā)了組成系統(tǒng)控制軟件的主程序、中斷服務(wù)程序及其它一些功能程序，并詳細(xì)介紹了新型逆變弧焊電源的控制核心一一模糊控制器的設(shè)計過程。該逆變弧焊電源的輸出具有很高的穩(wěn)定性和良好的動態(tài)性能。

關(guān)鍵詞: 逆變弧焊電源  全橋移相零電壓  模糊控制

Abstract
Weld is an important method in process, welding power is the key factor which determines the quality of weld. Inverter welding power has developed rapidly because of its advantages such as high efficiency, energy saving, small bulk, light weight and multifunction etc. Fuzzy control has been applied in many fields, with the development of microcomputer technology, it becomes realizable to use fuzzy control in welding power The purpose of this subject is to develop high performance, economical and practical welding power. the newest soft-switch invert technology and advanced fuzzy control method combined to design welding power.
The main content of this subject is to design a full- bridge shift-phase inverter welding power with fuzzy controller, in the base of analyzing the running principle of full-bridge zero-voltage-switch inverter. The design of main circuit is introduced in detail.  This design includes the selection and protection of elements, the design method and calculation of high frequency transformer. In this subject, the low cost and integrated microcomputer are applied. The hardware circuit of this welding power is designed based on philips’s89C58 single chip computer. In order to realize the soft, switch of inverter， the shift-phase PWM control method is adopted. The welding current closed loop feedback control and fuzzy control systems are applied to gain the constant welding current external characteristics. Many anti-jamming measures are used to protect the reliability of control system. According to the functions soft the welding power， the software is developed which includes main program, interrupt service routines and some function subprograms The design of tow input and single output fuzzy controller is introduced in detail. The whole system is debugged and tested after completing sotf ware and hard ware design of the welding power The results make clear that this welding Power can export prospective constant current characteristic，and the inverter has excellent dynamic capabilities with fuzzy controller.
Key words: inverter welding power, phase shift full-bridge，ZVS, fuzzy control
目   錄
摘  要 I
Abstract II
1  緒論 1
1.1  課題的背景和提出 1
1.2  弧焊電源的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3  軟開關(guān) 5
1.4  本文的研究內(nèi)容、目的和意義 6
2  逆變弧焊電源原理及設(shè)計方案 7
2.1  逆變弧焊電源原理 7
2.2  設(shè)計方案確定 11
3  模糊控制器設(shè)計 15
3.1  模糊理論的提出及可行性 15
3.2  模糊控制基本原理 15
3.3  模糊控制器設(shè)計 16
4  主電路設(shè)計與實現(xiàn) 29
4.1  移相控制軟開關(guān)全橋逆變器設(shè)計 29
4.2  高頻變壓器設(shè)計 33
4.3  輸入整流器設(shè)計 36
4.4  輸出整流器設(shè)計 37
5  控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 38
5.1  軟件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 38
5.2  控制系統(tǒng)主程序設(shè)計 39
5.3  外中斷服務(wù)程序設(shè)計 44
5.4  數(shù)據(jù)采集控制 47
5.5  標(biāo)度變換 47
6  逆變弧焊電源控制硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 48
6.1  控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計要求 48
6.2  控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計思路 49
6. 3  單片機(jī)核心電路設(shè)計 49
6.4 參數(shù)給定與操作鍵的控制 50
6.5  檢測電路 52
6.6  A/D和D/A轉(zhuǎn)換電路 53
6.8  驅(qū)動電路 57
6.9  顯示電路 58
6.10  保護(hù)電路 60
7   結(jié)論 62
致   謝 63
參考文獻(xiàn) 64