The Feminine Tragedy in Sons and Lovers

《兒子與情人》的女性悲劇


Abstract

    David Herbert (D.H.) Lawrence (1885-1930) is one of the greatest English novelists of the 20th century in the world. He had written many famous novels during his twenty years’ writing. A great number of scholars in the western countries or domestic are focusing on researching Lawrence and his works for many years. Sons and Lovers is his excellent representative work. This novel made Lawrence famous quickly, and him and his works popular. Many scholars tend to research and analyse the Oedipul complex between Paul and his mother, Mrs. Morel. In this novel, there are three tragic females worth paying attention to. They are: Mrs. Morel, Miriam and Clara. The thesis focuses on the females and describes three tragic females’ different experiences and misfortune, and analyses the differences of their characters. In addition, the thesis analyses the factors which lead to the tragedies of those three females: the effect by the domination of the men-androcentrism; the characters of themselves and so on. They work together and lead to the tragedies of themselves. It implies the fact that: at the beginning of 20th century, females were desired to be free and independent, they brave to fight for their equal rights with men, but not totally reach the aim no matter how hard they try. The three females were filled with tragedies and pains during their lifetime.
  
    Key words: female, tragedy, enlightenment
  

《兒子與情人》的女性悲劇

指導(dǎo)教師 
摘要
    D.H.勞倫斯（1885-1930）是20世紀(jì)最偉大的英語(yǔ)小說(shuō)家之一。在他大約二十年的寫(xiě)作生涯中創(chuàng)作了許多著名的小說(shuō)作品。很多國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)于勞倫斯及其他作品的研究已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了?！秲鹤优c情人》是勞倫斯一部很出色的小說(shuō)，這部小說(shuō)使勞倫斯一夜成名，他和他的作品開(kāi)始受到廣泛關(guān)注。很多學(xué)者趨向于研究小說(shuō)中男主人公保羅及其母親——莫瑞爾夫人間的俄狄浦斯情節(jié)，即戀母情節(jié)。但是這部小說(shuō)中的三位悲劇女性：莫瑞爾夫人、米莉安和克拉拉同樣也值得關(guān)注。本文描述三位悲劇女性的不同性格和經(jīng)歷，分析導(dǎo)致她們悲劇命運(yùn)的原因：父權(quán)制度的影響，這是一個(gè)最主要的原因；她們本身所具有的性格特征也是一個(gè)重要因素。兩者結(jié)合在一起共同導(dǎo)致了她們的悲劇。從中也可以看出，20世紀(jì)初，女性對(duì)于自由與獨(dú)立的向往與追求，她們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該享有與男人一樣平等的權(quán)利，所以她們勇敢地為謀取自身權(quán)利而斗爭(zhēng)。但是無(wú)論多么努力，最后都不能取得完全的勝利?！秲鹤优c情人》中的三位女性，在她們的一生中都充滿了悲劇和痛苦，是這些為自身利益而斗爭(zhēng)的女性們中的代表。

    關(guān)鍵詞：女性，悲劇，啟示

Contents

1. Introduction 1
1.1 About David Herbert Lawrence 1
1.2 About Sons and Lovers 2
1.3 Literature Review 3
2. Analysis of the Characters of Three Females 5
2.1 The Experience and Character of Mrs. Morel 5
2.2 The Experience and Character of Miriam 6
2.3 The Experience and Character of Clara 8
3. Analysis the Tragedies of the Three Females 9
3.1 The Tragedy of Mrs. Morel 10
3.2 The Tragedy of Miriam 12
3.3 The Tragedy of Clara 14
3.4 The Enlightenment Brought by Three Women 16
4. Conclusion 18
Bibliography 20
Acknowledgements 21