單片機(jī)水溫控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)

摘要
以單片機(jī)為核心的水溫控制系統(tǒng)在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中發(fā)揮著重要作用，隨著科技的發(fā)展進(jìn)步，新型微處理器、電力電子器件和集成化功能模塊不斷涌現(xiàn),設(shè)計(jì)一種應(yīng)用新型器件的低成本、性能優(yōu)異的水溫控制系統(tǒng)具有重要意義。
通過對(duì)新型微處理器、電力電子器件、集成化功能模塊的研究分析，設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于MC9S12XS128單片機(jī)的水溫控制系統(tǒng)。該單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)集成了A/D模塊、PWM波輸出模塊，系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展性能優(yōu)異。測溫元件采用PT100溫度傳感器。整個(gè)硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)包括電源模塊、數(shù)碼顯示與鍵盤模塊、測溫模塊、降溫模塊、功率加熱模塊、報(bào)警模塊等，能實(shí)現(xiàn)自主設(shè)定被控溫度、時(shí)時(shí)溫度顯示、超限報(bào)警、與計(jì)算機(jī)通訊等一系列功能。其中，系統(tǒng)測溫模塊、降溫模塊設(shè)計(jì)精度高、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)。該系統(tǒng)稍加修改也可以滿足不同測量環(huán)境的測溫要求。

關(guān)鍵詞： MC9S12XS128單片機(jī)；  溫度控制； PT100溫度變送器；驅(qū)動(dòng)電路； 直流電動(dòng)機(jī)；        
Abstract
Water temperature control system based on the single chip has been playing an extensive and important role in industrial and agricultural production. With the progress of science and technology,new processing microprocessor, power electronic devices and integrated function modules emerge constantly. It has a great significance to design a low cost, excellent performance single-chip microcomputer temperature control system through the application of new devices.
The system design is based on the research analysis of new microprocessors, power electronics devices and function integration modules and it uses MC9S12XS128 as the core. The single-chip microcontroller integrated the A/D module, PWM output module ,and the extension performance of the system is excellent.Temperature sensor adopts PT100.The whole hardware system design is consisted of the power module, digital display module ,keyboard module, temperature measurement module, cooling module, power heating module, alarm module, and it realizes the setting control temperature, temperature display, overrun alarm, computer communication and so on. The temperature measuring module and cooling module of the system are of high precision and good adaptability. The system can adapt to different environment temperature measurement requirements after the modification of local hardware circuits.

Keywords:    MC9S12XS128single-chip microcomputer system;
temperature control system;    PT100 temperature transmitter;
driver circuit;   Dc motivation;

 
目  錄

第一章 概述 1
1.1  單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展概況 1
1.2  單片機(jī)水溫控制系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義 1
第二章  單片機(jī)水溫控制系統(tǒng)方案選擇 3
2.1  測溫模塊方案的分析與比較 3
2.1.1壓力式溫度計(jì) 3
2.1.2 熱電偶式溫度計(jì) 3
2.1.3膨脹式溫度計(jì) 3
2.1.4輻射式溫度計(jì) 4
2.1.5熱電阻式溫度計(jì) 4
2.2  降溫模塊方案選擇 5
2.2.1基于低通濾波器（LPF）的PWM控制直流電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速方案 5
2.2.2 基于IGBT的降壓斬電路控制直流電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速方案 6
2.2.3 基于MOSFET的PWM波控制直流電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速方案 7
2.3  功率模塊控制方案選擇 8
2.4  鍵盤顯示模塊方案選擇 9
2.4.1 顯示模塊方案選擇 10
2.4.2 鍵盤設(shè)計(jì)方案選擇 10
2.5 硬件設(shè)計(jì)總體框圖 12
第三章 單片機(jī)水溫控制系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.1   MC9S12XS128單片機(jī)特點(diǎn)及其資源概述 14
3.1.1 MC9S12XS128的內(nèi)部資源介紹 14
3.1.2 MC9S12XS128開發(fā)板資源介紹 16
3.1.3 選用MC9S12XS128開發(fā)板優(yōu)勢 16
3.2  硬件電路組成 16
3.2.1 電源模塊電路 16
3.2.2 數(shù)碼顯示及鍵盤模塊電路 17
3.2.3 控制模塊 19
3.2.4 溫度采集模塊電路 19
3.2.5功率加熱模塊電路 20
3.2.6 降溫模塊電路 20
3.2.7 通訊模塊電路 21
3.2.8報(bào)警模塊電路設(shè)計(jì) 21
第四章   硬件電路系統(tǒng)仿真 22
4.1  硬件電路仿真 22
4.2  顯示及鍵盤模塊仿真 22
4.2  功率模塊仿真 31
4.3  降溫模塊仿真 32
參考文獻(xiàn) 34