汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)

摘要
汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)是提高汽車舒適度指標(biāo)的重要部分，控制空調(diào)系統(tǒng)工作的空調(diào)控制器則是指揮整個(gè)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)工作的核心。為了提高汽車的舒適度指標(biāo)，各大汽車廠商尤其是轎車廠商紛紛配置高檔次全自動(dòng)汽車空調(diào)，以提高整車的配置。然而目前高檔全自動(dòng)空調(diào)控制器市場和技術(shù)均由國外廠商所壟斷，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)大部分只能生產(chǎn)低檔電子空調(diào)控制器產(chǎn)品或手動(dòng)控制器產(chǎn)品。無論在市場上和技術(shù)上均與國外廠商相差很遠(yuǎn)。
本文針對目前國內(nèi)汽車空調(diào)控制器技術(shù)落后的情況，提出應(yīng)用智能控制技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)具有多傳感器信號輸入的智能型全自動(dòng)空調(diào)控制器。該控制器無論是在功能上、復(fù)雜程度上和智能化程度上均遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于現(xiàn)有國產(chǎn)汽車空調(diào)控制器產(chǎn)品，技術(shù)上趕上國外同類產(chǎn)品。該汽車空調(diào)控制器改進(jìn)了以往汽車空調(diào)控制器傳感器少，對車內(nèi)外環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)采集不準(zhǔn)確、高耗能等缺點(diǎn)，選用高性能微處理器，采集5個(gè)傳感器信號，在微處理器內(nèi)進(jìn)行分析，并運(yùn)用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)和模糊控制技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)了一套智能控制器，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的總成部分各通風(fēng)風(fēng)門、鼓風(fēng)機(jī)以及壓縮機(jī)等執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的智能控制，使汽車在舒適度、能耗和加速性能等各方面指標(biāo)較以往均得到大大提高。
本文結(jié)合設(shè)計(jì)要求對空調(diào)控制器的軟硬件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，硬件電路以富士通89F538單片機(jī)為核心微處理器，軟件部分采用C程序設(shè)計(jì)語言，在富士通開發(fā)環(huán)境下完成。本文還對軟件的測試方法進(jìn)行了討論，通過軟件測試表明軟件部分完全滿足要求。
本文設(shè)計(jì)的汽車空調(diào)控制器已經(jīng)通過湖北法雷奧公司的系統(tǒng)測試和奇瑞公司產(chǎn)品部的樣品裝車路試，測試結(jié)果表明該空調(diào)控制器工作可靠，穩(wěn)定性高，實(shí)現(xiàn)了設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)想要求。

關(guān)鍵詞　空調(diào)控制器； 智能控制； 微處理器； BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)
Abstract
Automobile air-condition system is an important part of the improving of comfort degree, and the air-condition controller is the core of performing of whole air-condition system. To improve the comfort degree of auto, auto manufacturers equip super automatic auto air-condition for their productions one after another. Nowadays, however, foreign manufacturers have monopolized the market and high-level technology, and the national manufacturers have to produce the low-level electronic air-condition controller or manual air-condition controller. Now national products of air-condition controller are far from foreign not only on market but also technology.
Aiming at the situation that the research technique of domestic auto air-condition controller is lower, the thesis put forward to design a completely automatic air-condition controller with the much sensors signal import useing the intelligent control technique. The kind of controller exceed the now available home-made auto air-condition controller produce far away not only in the service capacity but also in the complex degree and intelligentization degree, and catch up with foreign produce in the technique. The auto air-condition controller improve the defect such as little sensors can’t get the exact environment data  and consumes much energy of past produces. Using the high performance microprocessor, collecting five signal of sensor, analyzing them inside the microprocessor and applying the neural network technique and the fuzzy control technique design an intelligent controller, the kind of controller achieves the better control effect to executive body such as ventilations door, blast engine, compressor and so on, and prompt the various index of auto such as energy consumption and acceleration performance.
Combining the design requirement the paper design the hardware and software of the kind of air-condition controller. The SOFTTUNE 89F538 is the core microprocessor of hardware circuit and the software adopt C's programming language. The paper discussed the test means of software, the result of test shows that the software meet the demand completely.
Now, the kind of auto air-condition controller have been tested by means of system by VOLEO company and by means of the road auto equip by produce department of QI RUI corporation. Testing result make known that air-condition controller work is dependable, Stability, and achieving the design anticipates  demand。

Keywords: air-condition controller; intelligent control; microprocessor; BP network
目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II

第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題背景及研究意義 1
1.2 轎車空調(diào)控制器的研究現(xiàn)狀及趨勢 2
1.2.1 汽車空調(diào)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程 2
1.2.2 空調(diào)控制器的研究現(xiàn)狀及趨勢 3
1.3 智能控制技術(shù)在汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)控制中的應(yīng)用 4
1.4 論文的主要研究內(nèi)容 5
第2章 汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)原理及控制方案設(shè)計(jì) 6
2.1 汽車空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)概述 6
2.1.1 汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的概念和組成 6
2.1.2 汽車空調(diào)的性能評價(jià)指標(biāo) 6
2.2 汽車空調(diào)配氣系統(tǒng)分析與設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.2.1 車內(nèi)空氣的調(diào)節(jié)和控制 8
2.2.2 汽車空調(diào)配氣系統(tǒng) 9
2.2.3 空調(diào)風(fēng)道系統(tǒng)總成結(jié)構(gòu) 10
2.3 人機(jī)交互功能設(shè)計(jì) 11
2.3.1 按鍵功能設(shè)計(jì) 11
2.3.2 狀態(tài)顯示功能設(shè)計(jì) 12
2.4 本章小結(jié) 12
第3章 空調(diào)控制器硬件設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.1 硬件控制系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2 控制器硬件各功能模塊設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.2.1 核心控制微處理器的選擇 15
3.2.2 執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的驅(qū)動(dòng) 16
3.2.3 液晶顯示和鍵盤掃描 17
3.2.4 模擬信號輸入 18
3.2.5 外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器 19
3.2.6 電源調(diào)整模塊及看門狗電路 20
3.2.7 其它信號的輸入輸出 21
3.3 本章小結(jié) 21
第4章 智能控制技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 22
4.1 引言 22
4.2 人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的引入 23
4.2.1 人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展簡介和特點(diǎn) 23
4.2.2 人工神經(jīng)元模型 23
4.2.3 人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)類型及特性 25
4.3 BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)的模型和BP算法 27
4.3.1 BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)的模型結(jié)構(gòu) 27
4.3.2 BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)的誤差反向傳播算法 28
4.4 混合風(fēng)門位置的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模糊控制 35
4.4.1 模糊神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu) 35
4.4.2 模糊處理生成初始訓(xùn)練樣本 36
4.4.3 模糊神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的學(xué)習(xí) 36
4.4.4 神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模糊控制器的實(shí)現(xiàn) 40
4.5 本章小結(jié) 42
第5章 空調(diào)控制器的軟件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 43
5.1 軟件技術(shù) 43
5.2 系統(tǒng)控制軟件研究 44
5.2.1 控制器的工作模式 44
5.2.2 模擬多任務(wù)內(nèi)核的軟件整體框架 44
5.3 系統(tǒng)軟件關(guān)鍵功能的實(shí)現(xiàn) 45
5.3.1 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)部分 46
5.3.2 E2PROM讀寫程序 48
5.3.3 鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的控制 50
5.4 背光控制 51
5.4.1 液晶顯示 51
5.4.2 模擬信號采集程序 52
5.5 軟件及系統(tǒng)測試 53
5.5.1 軟件測試 53
5.5.2 系統(tǒng)測試 54
5.6 本章小結(jié) 56
結(jié)論 58
參考文獻(xiàn) 59
致謝 63