基于單片機(jī)控制的步進(jìn)電機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)
中文摘要 3
關(guān)鍵詞 3
ABSTRACT: 4
KEY WORDS: 4
前 言 5
1.1步進(jìn)電機(jī)的特點(diǎn) 6
1.2步進(jìn)電機(jī)的基本參數(shù) 5
1.3步進(jìn)電機(jī)的技術(shù)參數(shù) 6
1.4 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的分類 10
1.5 步進(jìn)電機(jī)詳細(xì)調(diào)速原理： 10
第2章 本次設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求 11
2.1基本要求 11
第3章 方案的論證 11
3.1 控制方式的確定 11
3.2 驅(qū)動(dòng)方式的確定 13
3.3 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路的選擇 13
3.4 基本方案的確定 14
第4章 硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì) 14
4.1 單片機(jī)的選擇 15
4.2 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇 17
4.3 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路的選擇 23
4.4 顯示電路與鍵盤的選擇 25
4.5 反饋電路的選擇　 28
第5章 算法的設(shè)計(jì)： 30
5.1 PID控制算法 30
第6章 軟件的設(shè)計(jì) 35
6.1 顯示子程序的設(shè)計(jì) 35
6.2　 鍵盤子程序的設(shè)計(jì) 36
6.3　 驅(qū)動(dòng)程序流程的設(shè)計(jì)： 37
6.4　 正反轉(zhuǎn)程序流程圖 38
第7章 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分析 41
7.1 有關(guān)參數(shù)的計(jì)算與分析 41
7.2 理論與實(shí)際的分析 41
附　錄 43
第8章 總 結(jié) 56
參考文獻(xiàn) 57
致 謝 58



基于單片機(jī)控制的步進(jìn)電機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)

中文摘要:
步進(jìn)電機(jī)是將電脈沖信號轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榻俏灰苹蚓€位移的開環(huán)控制元件。在非超載的情況下，電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速、停止的位置只取決于脈沖信號的頻率和脈沖數(shù)，而不受負(fù)載變化的影響，即給電機(jī)加一個(gè)脈沖信號，電機(jī)則轉(zhuǎn)過一個(gè)步距角。這一線性關(guān)系的存在，加上步進(jìn)電機(jī)只有周期性的誤差而無累積誤差等特點(diǎn)。使得在速度、位置等控制領(lǐng)域用步進(jìn)電機(jī)來控制變的非常的簡單。步進(jìn)電機(jī)的調(diào)速一般是改變輸入步進(jìn)電機(jī)的脈沖的頻率來實(shí)現(xiàn)步進(jìn)電機(jī)的調(diào)速，因?yàn)椴竭M(jìn)電機(jī)每給一個(gè)脈沖就轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一個(gè)固定的角度，這樣就可以通過控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)的一個(gè)脈沖到下一個(gè)脈沖的時(shí)間間隔來改變脈沖的頻率，延時(shí)的長短來具體控制步進(jìn)角來改變電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)步進(jìn)電機(jī)的調(diào)速。在本設(shè)計(jì)方案中采用AT89C51型單片機(jī)內(nèi)部的定時(shí)器改變CP脈沖的頻率從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對步進(jìn)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)行控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)電機(jī)調(diào)速與正反轉(zhuǎn)的功能。

關(guān)鍵詞： 步進(jìn)電機(jī)， 單片機(jī)， 調(diào)速系統(tǒng)















Abstract:
Step-by-step electric motor is the ring opening gating element changing electricity pulse signal into angular displacement or line displacement. Under the situation of must overload, the electric motor rotation rate , discontinuous location depend on pulse signal frequency and pulse number only , make free from being loaded with the effect changing ,but be that being added a pulse signal , the electric motor by electric motor is to have rotated a step spur angle. This gleam of the sexual relationships existence, adds step-by-step electric motor characteristics such as only having the cyclicity error but there being no accumulative error.Feasible simplicity controlling a field using step-by-step electric motor to come to control changeable extraordinary in speed , location etc.Step-by-step electric motor speed regulation general be change import step-by-step electric motor pulse frequency come true step-by-step electric motor speed regulation, because of step-by-step electric motor every be given to a pulse right away rotate one fixed angle, such right away not bad pass under the control of step-by-step electric motor a pulse arrive at next pulse period come to change pulse frequency,Come to control the speed regulation , realizing step-by-step electric motor thereby to come to change the electric motor rotation rate step-by-step angle concretely the deferred length. Frequency adopt the internal timer of AT89C51 type monolithic machine to change CP pulse in the design plan in realizes the speed regulation controlling , realizing an electric motor and the function that the positive and negative rotates being in progress to step-by-step electric motor rotation rate thereby.

Key words:Step-by-step electric motor , monolithic machine , speed regulation system