摘要

水力旋流器利用離心力場(chǎng)進(jìn)行高效旋流分離，優(yōu)于重力分離設(shè)備，其內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)相當(dāng)復(fù)雜且多變，其流場(chǎng)在極短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)歷了由切向入口管的一維流動(dòng)至沿分離器內(nèi)壁的三維強(qiáng)旋轉(zhuǎn)流動(dòng)的迅速轉(zhuǎn)變，這使得旋流器的流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量變得復(fù)雜。本文采用了FLUENT軟件中的雷諾應(yīng)力模型(RSM)，對(duì)旋流器內(nèi)部的這種復(fù)雜湍流運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬分析，利用分塊網(wǎng)格技術(shù)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了六面體網(wǎng)格劃分，對(duì)旋流器內(nèi)單相流動(dòng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算，根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果分析了旋流器內(nèi)三維速度分布規(guī)律，得到了旋流器內(nèi)不同截面的壓力、速度分布，并對(duì)水力旋流器內(nèi)不同直徑的顆粒所形成的多相流流場(chǎng)隨時(shí)間變化的分離過(guò)程進(jìn)行了三維數(shù)值模擬，得到了旋流器內(nèi)直徑不同的顆粒在旋流分離時(shí)追隨性的分布狀況。數(shù)值計(jì)算的結(jié)果與前人的實(shí)驗(yàn)及理論結(jié)果相互印證，并對(duì)旋流器的進(jìn)一步研究具有指導(dǎo)意義。

本文對(duì)于油污水分離所用的旋流器還進(jìn)行了不同結(jié)構(gòu)形式對(duì)比研究，分別進(jìn)行了雙切向入口型、雙錐段型及細(xì)長(zhǎng)錐型的模擬分析，分析結(jié)果表明，雙細(xì)長(zhǎng)錐型旋流器對(duì)于密度差異不大的油水兩相分離時(shí)，其分離效果要優(yōu)于其他兩種結(jié)構(gòu)形式，同時(shí)，雙切向入口型的旋流器內(nèi)流場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定性及對(duì)稱(chēng)性最好。不同結(jié)構(gòu)形式的旋流場(chǎng)具有雙螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)特征，旋流器內(nèi)部的壓力損失主要是集中在溢流管下端附近區(qū)域內(nèi)，為了提高分離效率減少湍流，可采用對(duì)稱(chēng)雙切向入口結(jié)構(gòu)以減小循環(huán)流和短路流，對(duì)減小能量損耗具有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)際意義。

對(duì)固液分離型旋流器搭建了實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M系統(tǒng)，設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn)方案，為進(jìn)一步確定旋流器操作參數(shù)的最佳配比提供依據(jù)，同時(shí)對(duì)新型旋流器的開(kāi)發(fā)及實(shí)驗(yàn)研究具有實(shí)際意義。




關(guān)鍵詞：水力旋流器， 雷諾應(yīng)力模型， 兩相流， 細(xì)長(zhǎng)錐型


 


 


 


 


 

Abstract

Hydrocyclones use centrifugal force field for efficient cyclone separation, it is better than gravity separation equipment. Its internal flow field very complex and varied, the flow field can be turned to along the inner wall of separation between the three-dimensional flow and strong rapid changes in rotation from the tangential inlet of the one-dimensional flow in a very short period of time, which makes the cyclone flow field numerical simulation and experimental measurement becoming more complex. In this paper, by use of FLUENT software and the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM), on the cyclone internal turbulence of this complexity a numerical simulation analysis, by use of sub-block grid on the model of the hexahedral mesh of the cyclone single-phase flow inside a numerical simulation, according to the calculation results of the cyclone, analyzed the three-dimensional velocity distribution, obtained within the different sections of the cyclone pressure, velocity, and different diameter of particles changes with time separation process in the multiphase flow field. Three-dimensional numerical simulation results show the different diameter of the particles follow characteristic distribution in cyclone. Numerical results with the experimental and theoretical results are the same, also are instructive to further study of cyclone.

Comparative study of different structural forms in oil-water separator for cyclone, included the dual tangential inlet type, double cone type and slender tapered type.The results show that when the density is insignificant for the oil-water two-phase ,slender tapered cyclone separation efficiency is better than the other two structural forms.meanwhile, the dual tangential inlet cyclone-type flow field stability and symmetry is the best.Different structural forms of cyclone field with double-helix structure, pressure loss inside the cyclone is mainly concentrated in the area near the bottom of the overflow pipe, in order to improve the separation efficiency and reduce turbulence, symmetrical double tangential inlet structure can be used to reduce the cycle flow and short circuit flow, which has a strong practical significance to reduced the energy loss.

In order to study the solid-liquid separation in cyclone, an experimental simulation system is built and also designed experimental program, for determine the cyclone operating parameters provide the basis for the best ratio, which has practical significance to study the new type hydrocyclone.




Keywords: hydrocyclone, Reynolds stress model, two-phase flow, slender cone




 

目錄

摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………………I

Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………………………

第一章  緒論 ……………………………………………………………………………1

1.1研究背景……………………………………………………………………………………1

1.2水力旋流器的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及分離原理…..………………………………………………2

1.2.1水力旋流器的基本結(jié)構(gòu)……………………………………………………….2

1.2.2水力旋流器的分離原理……………………………………………………… 3

1.3水力旋流器的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)……………………………………………………………………4

1.4國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀………………………………………………………………………… 4

1.5本課題的研究?jī)?nèi)容…………………………………………..