摘 要
隨著船舶運(yùn)輸在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用，為了解決船舶到港停泊所產(chǎn)生的污染，船舶岸電技術(shù)已被廣泛應(yīng)用，但隨著用電船舶的流動(dòng)性越來越大，到港船舶使用岸電的管理越來越復(fù)雜，為了使這一問題得到有效解決，且同時(shí)為了滿足監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中各信息的實(shí)時(shí)性，本課題提出了基于TTCAN通信機(jī)制的碼頭供電監(jiān)控管理方案。
碼頭供電監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)性取決于TTCAN網(wǎng)絡(luò)的實(shí)時(shí)性，所以可以通過優(yōu)化TTCAN的系統(tǒng)矩陣（靜態(tài)調(diào)度表）來提高監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)性，傳統(tǒng)方式采用平均分配優(yōu)化算法，這已無法滿足系統(tǒng)各信息的實(shí)時(shí)性；傳統(tǒng)的遺傳優(yōu)化算法的適應(yīng)度函數(shù)也不能很好的反映優(yōu)化目標(biāo)。本課題通過構(gòu)建TTCAN系統(tǒng)矩陣的數(shù)學(xué)模型，詳細(xì)分析了系統(tǒng)矩陣設(shè)計(jì)過程中的各參數(shù)，并給出了各參數(shù)的計(jì)算公式，為了更好的設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)矩陣，提出了系統(tǒng)矩陣的三個(gè)約束條件，從而使系統(tǒng)矩陣的設(shè)計(jì)過程可以進(jìn)行量化處理；并且提出了基于字母編碼的改進(jìn)遺傳優(yōu)化算法，把網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息的系統(tǒng)矩陣轉(zhuǎn)化成字母形式的矩陣，通過結(jié)合數(shù)學(xué)模型，將信息實(shí)時(shí)率作為遺傳優(yōu)化算法的適應(yīng)度函數(shù)，通過實(shí)驗(yàn)仿真和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)試，經(jīng)過字母編碼遺傳算法優(yōu)化后的靜態(tài)調(diào)度表能滿足系統(tǒng)各信息的實(shí)時(shí)性要求。
針對(duì)于到港船舶的用電特點(diǎn)，本課題設(shè)計(jì)了碼頭供電監(jiān)控分站控制板的硬件和軟件，以及具有遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控管理功能的碼頭供電監(jiān)控管理軟件。在充分考慮了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)干擾的前提下，CAN總線的通信電路采用了數(shù)字隔離技術(shù)；碼頭供電監(jiān)控分站使用了OLED顯示屏和鍵盤，從而方便了用戶用電操作；針對(duì)于系統(tǒng)各節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)鐘步調(diào)不統(tǒng)一，通過軟件設(shè)計(jì)使各節(jié)點(diǎn)具有統(tǒng)一的網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)間單元(NTU)，從而保證了各節(jié)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間統(tǒng)一；針對(duì)于碼頭供電監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)信息復(fù)雜性，設(shè)計(jì)了基于SQL Sever 2005的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)系統(tǒng)信息的有效管理。
通過福建三江口港口碼頭的應(yīng)用，說明了上述方案的可靠性，系統(tǒng)的通信實(shí)時(shí)性到達(dá)預(yù)期效果。
關(guān)鍵詞：碼頭供電監(jiān)控；C8051F040 ；TTCAN；實(shí)時(shí)性；系統(tǒng)矩陣；遺傳算法











Abstract
Shipping in economic development is playing an increasingly important role, in order to solve pollution of the ship to berth in port arising, ship shore power technology has been widely used, but with the electricity increasing the mobility of the ship, arriving ships to use shore power management more complex, in order to effectively solve this problem, and also the monitoring system in order to meet the real-time information, the issue TTCAN communication mechanism is proposed based power monitoring and management of terminal program.
The real-time of terminal power supply control system depends on real-time of TTCAN network, so you can optimize the TTCAN system matrix (static scheduling table) to improve real-time monitoring system, the traditional way of using the average allocation optimization algorithm, which has been unable to meet the real-time of the system information; traditional genetic optimization algorithm fitness function can not be well reflected in the optimization objectives. The subject of TTCAN system matrix by building a mathematical model, a detailed analysis of the system matrix of the parameters in the design process, and gives the formula for calculating the parameters, in order to better design the system matrix, the matrix of the system put forward three constraints conditions, so that system matrix can quantify the design process; and made improvements based on letter-coded genetic optimization algorithm, the network information system matrix into a matrix form letters, combined with mathematical models to real-time rate as the information genetic optimization algorithm fitness function, which well reflects the optimization goals. Through simulation experiments and field commissioning, the static scheduling table after the letter-coded genetic algorithm to optimize to meet the real-time requirements.
For electricity in the characteristics of the ship’s arrival, the subject of design of the terminal sub-station control panel power control hardware and software, remote monitoring and management of terminal software. Taking full account of the scene under the premise of interference, CAN bus communication circuit using a digital isolation technology; terminal sub-station power monitor and keyboard with OLED displays, making it easier to operation of electricity users; for each node in the system clock is not uniform pace, through the software design so that all nodes have unified network time unit (NTU), thus ensuring the unity of time each node; terminals for power supply monitoring system in data complexity, design based on SQL Sever 2005 database, enabling the effective management of system information. Through the application of Sanjiangkou Fujian ports , illustrate the program’s reliability, real-time communication system to reach the desired results.
Key words：Terminal power supply control; C8051F040; TTCAN; Real-time; System matrix; Genetic algorithms



目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題背景及選題意義 1
1.1.1 到港船舶的港口污染及岸電技術(shù) 1
1.1.2 到港船舶的岸電使用特點(diǎn) 2
1.1.3 碼頭供電監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)總體功能 2
1.2 相關(guān)領(lǐng)域概述及研究現(xiàn)狀 3
1.2.1 供電監(jiān)控技術(shù)的概述 3
1.2.2 電能計(jì)量的發(fā)展 3
1.2.3遠(yuǎn)程自動(dòng)抄表方式的現(xiàn)狀 4
1.3 課題的主要研究任務(wù) 4
1.3.1 課題主要內(nèi)容..