摘 要
船舶延伸報警系統是實現無人機艙的關鍵技術，是船舶機艙監(jiān)測報警系統的重要組成部分，是實現自動化和智能化的關鍵系統之一。無人機艙目前已經成為新造船舶的常規(guī)要求。在無人值班時，一旦運行設備發(fā)生故障，監(jiān)測報警系統自動將聲光報警信號發(fā)送至延伸報警系統，延伸報警系統將報警信號及時有效的延伸到駕駛室、公共場所、輪機長和值班人員住所。
本文首先介紹了現階段國內外船舶延伸報警系統的發(fā)展狀況，簡要分析了船舶機艙監(jiān)測報警系統組成功能和基本原理，隨后研究了現有的延伸報警系統的組成方式，分析了現有的延伸報警裝置的優(yōu)缺點，并在此基礎上，提出了一套通用性能好、可靠性高、功能齊全的延伸報警系統設計方案。在研究了應用于船舶監(jiān)控領域的通信技術后，延伸報警主從裝置之間通過以太網、CAN或RS485等方式實現通信，共同組成系統，實現報警信號的有效傳輸。本文的側重點是實現以太網傳輸。
本設計采用C8051F340為控制器核心，重點在單片機上實現了uIP協議的移植，實現了以太網的傳輸，并完成了CAN和RS485通信。隨后，介紹了基于單片機的延伸報警裝置的硬件電路設計方法，包括電源部分、報警顯示部分、值班人顯示部分、液晶顯示部分、開關量輸入部分以及通信模塊部分等。由于延伸報警系統應用于船舶這樣一個相對特殊的環(huán)境，所以本文對系統的抗干擾性能進行了詳細的討論，分析了在電路設計、PCB設計過程中的一些提高抗干擾性能的措施。
在完成硬件電路設計后，本文介紹了系統的軟件設計方法，詳細介紹了uIP協議在單片機上的移植方法，以太網控制器ENC28J60對數據發(fā)送和接收的流程。隨后介紹了延伸報警裝置主從機的軟件設計流程，并對延伸報警系統的整體調試過程和結果作了介紹。
最后，對系統設計與論文作了總結并且對系統的應用前景和一些可以改進的地方進行了展望。

關鍵詞：船舶； 延伸報警； C8051F340；以太網







Abstract
The ship extended alarm system is the key technology of the realization of unmanned engine room. As an important part of the monitoring and alarm system, it is the most critical to the engineering automation and intelligent. Now unmanned engine room has become the general requirement of the new building ships. In the circumstances of unmanned engine room, once the equipment fails, it can send out acousto-optic alarm signal automatically, extend the alarm signal to the bridge, public sites and the accommodations of the chief engineer and other engineers.
This paper firstly introduces the development of domestic and foreign ship extended alarm system and then analysises the constitution and function. On the basis of researching on system’s advantages and disadvantages of the existing extended alarm system, the author gives a general, realiable and functional design scheme. After introducing the communication’s technology used in the ship monitoring and alarm field, the extended alarm master device and slave devices communicate by ethernet, CAN bus and RS-485. Our design emphasises on the ethernet communication.
This design uses the C8051F340 micro-processor as the core and focuses on the transplantation of network communication uIP protocol stack. As the same time, the CAN bus and RS-485 are also considered. Then, the hardware design methods of the extended alarm system are given which include the power unit, alarm display unit, on duty display unit, LCD display unit, switch input unit and communication unit. Because the extended alarm system is used in special environment, the article discusses the anti-interference performance of the system in detail and analysises the measures of reducing interference which are used in the circuit and PCB design.
After the hardware design, this paper introduces the methods of software design especially the transplantation method of uIP protocol stack and the data sending and receiving process which is based on the embedded network control chip ENC28J60. Then the paper gives the software process flow of the extended alarm master and slave devices. And the integrated debugging process and results of the extended alarm system are also given.
At last, the author summarizes the system designment and the paper, look forward to the system’s application and some improvements.

Key Words： ship; extended alarm; C8051F340; ethernet
目 錄
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT III
CONTENTS IX
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題的研究背景和實用價值 1
1.2 船舶機艙監(jiān)測報警系統的發(fā)展狀況 1
1.3 船舶延伸報警系統的發(fā)展動態(tài)和研究現狀 3
1.4 本文主要工作與各章內容 4
第2章 船舶機艙監(jiān)測報警系統簡介 7
2.1 船舶機艙監(jiān)測報警系統的組成 7
2.2 船舶機艙監(jiān)測報警系統的功能 8
2.3 船舶機艙監(jiān)測報警系統的報警原理 9
2.3.1 報警原理 9
2.3.2 報警的觸發(fā)規(guī)則與實現 10
2.3.3 報警響應的基本流程 12
2.4 本章小結 14
第3章 智能型延伸報警系統的總體要求及通信技術概述 15
3.1 船舶延伸報警系統的組成方式 15
3.2系統總體的功能要求及硬件要求 17
3.3 系統涉及的通信技術概述 19
3.3.1 TCP/IP協議簡介 19
3.3.2 CAN總線簡介 25
3.3.3 RS-485總線接口通信協議簡介 28
3.4 本章小結 29
第4章 延伸報警裝置的硬件設計和抗干擾措施 31
4.1 延伸報警裝置的硬件設計方案框圖 31
4.2 延伸報警裝置各個部分電路介紹 32
4.2.1 主控制器C8051F340介紹 32
4.2.2 延伸報警裝置電源設計 33
4.2.3 報警顯示電路設計 35
4.2.4 值班人顯示電..