摘 要
船舶延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)是實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)人機(jī)艙的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，是船舶機(jī)艙監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，是實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化和智能化的關(guān)鍵系統(tǒng)之一。無(wú)人機(jī)艙目前已經(jīng)成為新造船舶的常規(guī)要求。在無(wú)人值班時(shí)，一旦運(yùn)行設(shè)備發(fā)生故障，監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)將聲光報(bào)警信號(hào)發(fā)送至延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)將報(bào)警信號(hào)及時(shí)有效的延伸到駕駛室、公共場(chǎng)所、輪機(jī)長(zhǎng)和值班人員住所。
本文首先介紹了現(xiàn)階段國(guó)內(nèi)外船舶延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，簡(jiǎn)要分析了船舶機(jī)艙監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)組成功能和基本原理，隨后研究了現(xiàn)有的延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的組成方式，分析了現(xiàn)有的延伸報(bào)警裝置的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出了一套通用性能好、可靠性高、功能齊全的延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案。在研究了應(yīng)用于船舶監(jiān)控領(lǐng)域的通信技術(shù)后，延伸報(bào)警主從裝置之間通過(guò)以太網(wǎng)、CAN或RS485等方式實(shí)現(xiàn)通信，共同組成系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)報(bào)警信號(hào)的有效傳輸。本文的側(cè)重點(diǎn)是實(shí)現(xiàn)以太網(wǎng)傳輸。
本設(shè)計(jì)采用C8051F340為控制器核心，重點(diǎn)在單片機(jī)上實(shí)現(xiàn)了uIP協(xié)議的移植，實(shí)現(xiàn)了以太網(wǎng)的傳輸，并完成了CAN和RS485通信。隨后，介紹了基于單片機(jī)的延伸報(bào)警裝置的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)方法，包括電源部分、報(bào)警顯示部分、值班人顯示部分、液晶顯示部分、開(kāi)關(guān)量輸入部分以及通信模塊部分等。由于延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于船舶這樣一個(gè)相對(duì)特殊的環(huán)境，所以本文對(duì)系統(tǒng)的抗干擾性能進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的討論，分析了在電路設(shè)計(jì)、PCB設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中的一些提高抗干擾性能的措施。
在完成硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)后，本文介紹了系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)方法，詳細(xì)介紹了uIP協(xié)議在單片機(jī)上的移植方法，以太網(wǎng)控制器ENC28J60對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送和接收的流程。隨后介紹了延伸報(bào)警裝置主從機(jī)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)流程，并對(duì)延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的整體調(diào)試過(guò)程和結(jié)果作了介紹。
最后，對(duì)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與論文作了總結(jié)并且對(duì)系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用前景和一些可以改進(jìn)的地方進(jìn)行了展望。

關(guān)鍵詞：船舶； 延伸報(bào)警； C8051F340；以太網(wǎng)







Abstract
The ship extended alarm system is the key technology of the realization of unmanned engine room. As an important part of the monitoring and alarm system, it is the most critical to the engineering automation and intelligent. Now unmanned engine room has become the general requirement of the new building ships. In the circumstances of unmanned engine room, once the equipment fails, it can send out acousto-optic alarm signal automatically, extend the alarm signal to the bridge, public sites and the accommodations of the chief engineer and other engineers.
This paper firstly introduces the development of domestic and foreign ship extended alarm system and then analysises the constitution and function. On the basis of researching on system’s advantages and disadvantages of the existing extended alarm system, the author gives a general, realiable and functional design scheme. After introducing the communication’s technology used in the ship monitoring and alarm field, the extended alarm master device and slave devices communicate by ethernet, CAN bus and RS-485. Our design emphasises on the ethernet communication.
This design uses the C8051F340 micro-processor as the core and focuses on the transplantation of network communication uIP protocol stack. As the same time, the CAN bus and RS-485 are also considered. Then, the hardware design methods of the extended alarm system are given which include the power unit, alarm display unit, on duty display unit, LCD display unit, switch input unit and communication unit. Because the extended alarm system is used in special environment, the article discusses the anti-interference performance of the system in detail and analysises the measures of reducing interference which are used in the circuit and PCB design.
After the hardware design, this paper introduces the methods of software design especially the transplantation method of uIP protocol stack and the data sending and receiving process which is based on the embedded network control chip ENC28J60. Then the paper gives the software process flow of the extended alarm master and slave devices. And the integrated debugging process and results of the extended alarm system are also given.
At last, the author summarizes the system designment and the paper, look forward to the system’s application and some improvements.

Key Words： ship; extended alarm; C8051F340; ethernet
目 錄
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT III
CONTENTS IX
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題的研究背景和實(shí)用價(jià)值 1
1.2 船舶機(jī)艙監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r 1
1.3 船舶延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)和研究現(xiàn)狀 3
1.4 本文主要工作與各章內(nèi)容 4
第2章 船舶機(jī)艙監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)介 7
2.1 船舶機(jī)艙監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的組成 7
2.2 船舶機(jī)艙監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的功能 8
2.3 船舶機(jī)艙監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的報(bào)警原理 9
2.3.1 報(bào)警原理 9
2.3.2 報(bào)警的觸發(fā)規(guī)則與實(shí)現(xiàn) 10
2.3.3 報(bào)警響應(yīng)的基本流程 12
2.4 本章小結(jié) 14
第3章 智能型延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的總體要求及通信技術(shù)概述 15
3.1 船舶延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的組成方式 15
3.2系統(tǒng)總體的功能要求及硬件要求 17
3.3 系統(tǒng)涉及的通信技術(shù)概述 19
3.3.1 TCP/IP協(xié)議簡(jiǎn)介 19
3.3.2 CAN總線簡(jiǎn)介 25
3.3.3 RS-485總線接口通信協(xié)議簡(jiǎn)介 28
3.4 本章小結(jié) 29
第4章 延伸報(bào)警裝置的硬件設(shè)計(jì)和抗干擾措施 31
4.1 延伸報(bào)警裝置的硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案框圖 31
4.2 延伸報(bào)警裝置各個(gè)部分電路介紹 32
4.2.1 主控制器C8051F340介紹 32
4.2.2 延伸報(bào)警裝置電源設(shè)計(jì) 33
4.2.3 報(bào)警顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) 35
4.2.4 值班人顯示電..