摘 要
隨著人類的發(fā)展，能源短缺和生態(tài)危機(jī)等問題已迫在眉睫，亟待人們解決，人類正在不斷尋求新的替代能源。其中，太陽能則是被大量應(yīng)用的主要常規(guī)替代能源之一，而光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電技術(shù)是太陽能利用的主要發(fā)展趨勢，必將得到飛速的發(fā)展。因此，本文就對光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹，并對系統(tǒng)控制算法、系統(tǒng)仿真、軟硬件設(shè)計等方面進(jìn)行了深入的研究。
本文首先詳細(xì)介紹了光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的結(jié)構(gòu)及其工作原理，根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的性能要求，確定合適的并網(wǎng)逆變系統(tǒng)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。
其次對光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的控制策略進(jìn)行了深入的研究。基于光伏逆變系統(tǒng)的控制目標(biāo)，分析了常用逆變器的控制方式及DDS原理，在此基礎(chǔ)上確定SPWM控制方式作為本系統(tǒng)的控制方式。
本文還對光伏電池的工作原理進(jìn)行了闡述，得到光伏電池的等效電路和輸出特性。通過對常用的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤控制（MPPT）算法的分析和比較，提出了基于恒壓法結(jié)合變步長的電導(dǎo)增量法來實現(xiàn)光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤。本文應(yīng)用DDS技術(shù)實現(xiàn)光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的頻率、相位跟蹤和最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤。
最后本文對光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的部分重要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計說明，在此基礎(chǔ)上，利用Matlab對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真，并對仿真結(jié)果給出了詳細(xì)的說明。本文采用TMS320F2812高速數(shù)字信號處理器作為核心處理器，對光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的軟硬件設(shè)計進(jìn)行了研究。在硬件平臺上進(jìn)行實驗，驗證了系統(tǒng)仿真的正確性。最后對本論文的工作進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，指出該系統(tǒng)存在的不足，對以后的研究工作進(jìn)行了展望。

關(guān)鍵詞 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)；最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤；SPWM；DDS




































Abstract
As human development, energy shortages and imminent ecological crisis and other issues in urgent need of people to solve, humans are constantly looking for new alternative energy sources. Among them, solar energy is applied by a large number of major conventional alternative energy, and photovoltaic power generation technology is the major trends in the use of solar energy, will be developed rapidly. Therefore, this article on the grid-connected PV system has been described in detail, and the system control algorithm, system simulation, hardware and software design and other aspects of the in-depth study.
This paper details the photovoltaic power generation system structure and working principle, the system performance requirements, determine the appropriate grid-system topology.
Second, the PV inverter system control strategy in-depth study. PV inverter system based on control objectives, analysis of the inverter control method used and the DDS principle, on this basis to determine the SPWM control mode as the system's control.
This also works on the photovoltaic cells are described, to get the equivalent circuit of photovoltaic cells and output characteristics. Through the common control of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm analysis and comparison, the paper introduces the constant voltage method with variable step size of the incremental conductance method to achieve the photovoltaic power generation system, the maximum power point tracking. In this paper, DDS technology to achieve grid-connected PV system frequency, phase tracking and the maximum power point tracking.
Finally, this paper TMS320F2812 high-speed digital signal processor as the core processor, the photovoltaic inverter hardware and software design of a study on the photovoltaic inverter topology, the digital control circuit, the AC filter parameters gives a detailed design features and methods of calculation. In this paper, grid-connected PV systems for simulation, the simulation results and gives a detailed description. The hardware platform on an experiment to test the correctness of system simulation. Finally, this paper summarizes the work, pointing out the shortcomings of the system, for future research were discussed.
Key words Grid-connected PV systems; MPPT;SPWM;DDS




























目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究的背景和意義 1
1.2 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電在國內(nèi)外的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展 1
1.3 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容 3
第2章 光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的分類及拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) 5
2.1 并網(wǎng)逆變器的分類及其控制方式 5
2.2 光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) 6
2.3 本文所研究的光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的總體結(jié)構(gòu) 8
2.4 本章小結(jié) 9
第3章 光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器控制策略的研究 10
3.1 電壓源型并網(wǎng)逆變器的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 10
3.2光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的控制目標(biāo) 10
3.3 并網(wǎng)逆變器控制策略的比較 11
3.3.1 滯環(huán)控制電流瞬時值比較方式 11
3.3.2 定時控制的電流瞬時值比較方式 12
3.3.3 SPWM控制原理 12
3.3.4系統(tǒng)控制模型的建立 14
3.3.5基于PI反饋控制的電流閉環(huán) 15
3.4 光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器頻率跟蹤、相位跟蹤研究 17
3.4.1 DDS技術(shù)原理 17
3.4.2 NCO的實現(xiàn) 18
3.4.3頻率計的設(shè)計 19
3.4.4相位差檢測 20
3.5 最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤（MPPT）技術(shù)的研究 21
3.5.1 定電壓跟蹤法 23
3.5.2 擾動觀測法 24
3.5.3 逐步逼近法 25
3.5.4 電導(dǎo)增量法 26
3.5.5 恒壓法結(jié)合變步長的電導(dǎo)增量法 26
3.6 光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器頻率跟蹤、相位跟蹤及MPPT的實現(xiàn) 28
3.7孤島效應(yīng)及其防護(hù) 28
3.7.1相位突變檢測法 29
3.7.2 主動頻率漂移..