基于多目標(biāo)模糊控制的電動汽車整車控制策略優(yōu)

Fuzzy Control Based on Multi-objective Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle                     
Optimal

  摘      要
 
    在電池方面的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)沒有突破之前，利用現(xiàn)代化控制技術(shù)，對純電動汽車的整車性能進(jìn)行優(yōu)化已經(jīng)是電動汽車向前發(fā)展的一大趨勢。在進(jìn)行優(yōu)化控制過程中，純電動汽車是一個非常復(fù)雜的電子整合系統(tǒng)，目標(biāo)函數(shù)不止一個，這時把優(yōu)化的多個目標(biāo)函數(shù)中最希望優(yōu)化的函數(shù)作為目標(biāo)函數(shù)，其他目標(biāo)函數(shù)作為限制條件，這樣不僅簡化了控制策略，而且使我們的重點目標(biāo)函數(shù)更加突出，從而得到理想的結(jié)果。
本文中，選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)性作為最希望優(yōu)化的目標(biāo)函數(shù)，動力性、舒適性、安全性作為限制條件，利用模糊控制策略對目標(biāo)函數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。本文章節(jié)脈絡(luò)清晰，首先介紹了電動汽車的發(fā)展情況，接著對電動汽車的優(yōu)點與傳統(tǒng)燃油汽車進(jìn)行了對比，然后介紹了電動汽車的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。對純電動汽車有了一個全面的了解后，根據(jù)設(shè)計要求對純電動汽車的電機和電池參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化匹配，第三章主要是對模糊控制策略的原理、模糊控制器、模糊控制器設(shè)計步驟等進(jìn)行了介紹，并在matlab中設(shè)計出風(fēng)和要求的模糊控制器。第四章主要介紹了在advisor中對整車建模，文章最后，對整車進(jìn)行了仿真驗證，通過比較得出結(jié)論。

關(guān)鍵詞： 純電動汽車， 模糊控制策略， 整車建模， 優(yōu)化

ABSTRACT

Before the key technology in the batteries does not break, using of modern control technology to optimize vehicle performance is already a major trend. During the process of optimal control, the pure electric car is a very complex electronic integrated systems and more than one objective function,  then we optimize the objective function of a number of functions that most want to optimize the objective function, other objective functions as constraints This not only simplifies the control strategy, and the focus of our objective function is more prominent, and thus get the desired results.
In this article, select the economy as the most want to optimize the objective function, power, comfort, safety as a constraint, the fuzzy control strategy to optimize the objective function. This section, clear structure, first introduced the development of electric vehicles, then the advantages of electric vehicles and conventional fuel vehicles were compared, and then introduces the basic structure of electric vehicles and key technologies. Of pure electric vehicles have a comprehensive understanding, based on the design requirements of the pure electric car motors and batteries to optimize the parameters match, the third chapter is the principle of fuzzy control, fuzzy controller, fuzzy controller design steps, etc. Introduced, and the wind in matlab and requirements in the design of fuzzy controller. The fourth chapter describes the advisor in the vehicle model, Finally, a simulation of the vehicle verified by comparing to a conclusion.

Key words:   Pure Electric Vehicles,  Control Strategy,  Modeling vehicle, Optimization

目  錄

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 前言 1
1.1 研究的目的和意義 1
1.2 國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢 2
1.2.1國外情況： 2
1.2.2國內(nèi)情況: 3
1.3純電動車及其相關(guān)技術(shù) 3
1.3.1 電動汽車的組成： 4
1.3.2純電動汽車的主要參數(shù) 4
1.3.3 純電動汽車的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)： 5
1.3.4 整車控制 5
2 純電動汽車驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)參數(shù)選擇 6
2.1 電動汽車的基本參數(shù) 6
2．2 電機功率的選擇 7
2.2.1根據(jù)最高車速選擇 7
2.2.2根據(jù)加速性能要求選擇 7
2.2.3根據(jù)最大爬坡度要求選擇 9
2．3電機轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速的選擇 9
2.4 主減速傳動比和變速箱傳動比的選擇 11
2.5 動力電池組參數(shù)選擇 12
2.5.1動力電池組類型 12
3 整車控制策略及模糊控制 14
3.1純電動汽車整車控制策略概述 14
3.2模糊控制概述 15
3.2.1模糊數(shù)學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識 15
3.2.2模糊控制原理 17
3.3控制策略及規(guī)則 17
4 建模與仿真 21
4.1建模概述 21
4.2純電動汽車能耗模型的建立 21
4.1.1行駛工況的建模 22
4.1.2行駛阻力模塊 22
4.1.3變速器模塊 23
4.1.4電機效率模塊 24
4.1.5蓄電池模塊 25
4.1.6能耗計算模塊 26
4.1.7整車模型 27
4.2控制策略的仿真驗證 28
5 全文總結(jié) 31
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 32