目   錄
摘    要 4
1 前言 5
2 水輪機(jī)選型設(shè)計(jì) 6
2.1 水輪機(jī)臺(tái)數(shù)及型號(hào)的選擇 6
2.2 初選額定工況點(diǎn) 7
2.3 確定轉(zhuǎn)輪直徑 7
2.4額定轉(zhuǎn)速的確定 8
2.5 效率及單位參數(shù)修正值 8
2.6 檢驗(yàn)所選水輪機(jī)的實(shí)際工作區(qū)域 9
2.7 確定導(dǎo)葉開度 11
2.8 計(jì)算額定流量 11
2.9 確定水輪機(jī)的吸出高度 11
2.10 計(jì)算水輪機(jī)飛逸轉(zhuǎn)速 16
2.11 估算軸向水推力 16
2.12 估算水輪機(jī)質(zhì)量 16
2.13 繪制水輪機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)綜合特性曲線 17
3 蝸殼水力設(shè)計(jì) 21
3.1 概述 21
3.2 蝸殼類型的選擇 22
3.3 金屬蝸殼主要參數(shù)的確定 22
3.4 金屬蝸殼水力設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 23
4 尾水管設(shè)計(jì) 29
4.1 尾水管的作用及類型 29
4.2尾水管類型的選擇 29
4.3 繪制尾水管水力單線圖 30
5 水輪機(jī)導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)圖的繪制 30
5.1 導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)的作用及類型 30
5.2 繪制導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)圖的目的 30
5.3 徑向式導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)圖的繪制 31
6 水輪機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 35
6.1 概述 35
6.2 轉(zhuǎn)輪的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 36
6.3 導(dǎo)葉的結(jié)構(gòu)、系列尺寸和軸頸選擇 38
6.4 導(dǎo)葉的傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu) 38
6.5 導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)的環(huán)形部件設(shè)計(jì) 39
6.6 真空破壞閥 40
6.7 主軸的設(shè)計(jì) 41
6.8 軸承的結(jié)構(gòu) 43
6.9 補(bǔ)氣裝置 43
6.10 主軸的密封 44
7 導(dǎo)葉加工圖的繪制 45
8 蝸殼強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 46
8.1 對(duì)金屬蝸殼的受力分析 46
8.2 編程進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 49
9 結(jié)論 54
總結(jié)與體會(huì) 55
謝辭 55
參考文獻(xiàn) 56

摘    要

本次設(shè)計(jì)是在給出仙溪水電站原始資料的情況下，為電站進(jìn)行水輪機(jī)選型設(shè)計(jì)，并繪制出運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)綜合特性曲線。從最大水頭考慮，初步選定了 和HL220/A153兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)輪型號(hào)，然后從機(jī)組的運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性（電站開挖量）對(duì)兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)輪進(jìn)行綜合比較分析，最終確定出水輪機(jī)型號(hào)為 ，機(jī)組臺(tái)數(shù)為兩臺(tái)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，完成蝸殼及尾水管的水力設(shè)計(jì)及單線圖的繪制、導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)圖的繪制、水輪機(jī)總裝圖的繪制、水輪機(jī)導(dǎo)葉零件圖的繪制以及蝸殼的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算等設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)。
關(guān)鍵詞：水輪機(jī)；選型設(shè)計(jì)；結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；強(qiáng)度計(jì)算

Abstract

Based on the given original data of XianXi hydro plant, the type selection design of this hydropower station is put up, and the performance combined characteristic curve of turbine is plotted. By considering the maximum head, HL240/D41 and HL220/A153 are chosen primarily. Afterwards, the hydraulic turbine type, which is HL220/A153-LJ-140, and the number of units is two, are selected by general comparison and analysis of the stability and economy about the two runners. Based on the result, hydraulic calculation and neat lines of casing and draft tube, the movement drawing of the guide apparatus, the turbine assembly drawing and pivoted guide vane drawing have been accomplished. The intensity calculation of pivoted casing has been fulfilled.
Key words：Hydraulic Turbine; Type Selection Design; Structure Design; Intensity Calculation