立式數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)


　　　[摘要]本文介紹了立式數(shù)控銑床的一些基本概況，簡(jiǎn)述了機(jī)床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)方面的原理和類(lèi)型，分析了各種傳動(dòng)方案的機(jī)理。立式數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)包括了主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)、主軸傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和主軸組件三部分組成。本文詳細(xì)介紹了立式數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程，該立式數(shù)控銑床主軸變速箱是靠齒輪進(jìn)行傳動(dòng)的，主軸箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)采用齒輪傳動(dòng)，傳動(dòng)形式采用集中式傳動(dòng)，主軸變速系統(tǒng)采用多聯(lián)滑移齒輪變速。齒輪傳動(dòng)具有傳動(dòng)效率高，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，工作可靠、壽命長(zhǎng)，傳動(dòng)比準(zhǔn)確等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。文中介紹了立式數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)各種傳動(dòng)方案優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的比較、主傳動(dòng)方案的選擇和確定、主傳動(dòng)變速系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算、主軸組件的設(shè)計(jì)、軸承的選用基潤(rùn)滑、關(guān)鍵零件的校核、以及主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制等設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。
　　　[關(guān)鍵詞]數(shù)控機(jī)床；立式數(shù)控銑床；主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)；主軸組件；軸承；主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)

The sign type number controls the miller lord to spread to move the system design
　
　Abstract： this text introduces the sign type number to control some basic general situations of the miller, Chien says the tool machine lord to spread the principle and types of move the systems, analyzing various mechanism that spreads to move the project.The sign type number controls the miller lord to spread to move the system to include the principal axis electric motor, principal axis to spread to move the system and the principal axis module three partses to constitute.Detailed introduction of this text the sign type number controls the design process that the miller lord spreads to move the system, should the sign type number control the miller principal axis to become soon the box is to is carry on by wheel gear to spread to move of, the principal axis box spreads to move the system adoption wheel gear to spread to move, spreading to move the form adoption  concentration type to spread to move, the principal axis become soon many of the system adoption slip to move the wheel gear to become soon.The wheel gear spreads to move to have to spread to move the efficiency high, the structure tightly packed, work credibility, the life span is long, spreading to move than accurate etc. advantage.It introduced the sign type number to control the miller lord to spread to move various comparison, lord that spreads to move the project merit and shortcoming of system to spread in the text the choice and assurance, lords of move the projects spread to move to become soon system of design, bearings of design calculation, the principal axis module choose the control of the school pit, and the principal axis electric motor of use the lubrication, the key spare parts etc. the design process.
　Key words： the number controls the tool machine;The sign type number controls the miller;The lord spreads to move the system;Principal axis module; Bearings; Principal axis electric motor.

目  錄
引言 1
第一章  緒論 2
1.1概述 2
1.2數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展 3
第二章  立式數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)方案的確定 9
2.1 對(duì)立式數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)介 9
2.2 對(duì)立式數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的要求 9
2.3 主傳動(dòng)的類(lèi)型及方案選擇 10
第三章  主傳動(dòng)變速系統(tǒng)主要參數(shù)計(jì)算 12
3.1 計(jì)算切削功率 12
3.1.1切削力的計(jì)算 12
3.1.2切削功率的計(jì)算 12
3.1.3主軸轉(zhuǎn)速范圍的確定 13
3.2 計(jì)算主傳動(dòng)功率 13
3.3 分級(jí)變速箱的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)及主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)的功率的確定 14
3.3.1 變速級(jí)數(shù)Z的確定 14
3.3.2 電動(dòng)機(jī)的功率的確定 15
3.3.3 電動(dòng)機(jī)參數(shù) 15
3.3.4 分級(jí)變速箱的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)變速機(jī)構(gòu)的確定 16
第四章  主軸組件設(shè)計(jì) 17
4.1概述 17
4.1.1軸的分類(lèi) 17
4.1.2主軸材料 17
4.2主軸結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 17
4.2.1主軸部件應(yīng)滿足的基本要求 18
4.2.2軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 19
4.2.3草擬軸上零件的裝配方案 19
4.2.4軸上零件的定位 20
4.2.5 各軸段直徑與的確定 20
4.2.6 提高主軸強(qiáng)度的措施 21
4.2.7 軸的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性 22
4.3主軸強(qiáng)度的校核 22
4.3.1按扭轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行計(jì)算 22
4.3.2 強(qiáng)度校核計(jì)算 23
第五章  軸承的設(shè)計(jì) 27
5.1概述 27
5.2軸承的類(lèi)型選擇 27
5.3 軸承游隙等級(jí)的選擇 28
5.4 軸承的壽命計(jì)算 28
5.4.1軸承布局 28
5.5軸承裝置的設(shè)計(jì) 29
5.5.1軸承的配置 29
5.5.2軸承的配合 30
5.5.3 軸承的潤(rùn)滑 31
5.5.4軸承的密封 32
第六章  數(shù)控銑床主軸電氣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 33
6.1控制方式選擇 33
6.2 PLC的簡(jiǎn)單介紹 33
6.4.1 可編程控制器的由來(lái) 33
6.4.2 可編程控制器的現(xiàn)狀 33
6.4.3 可編程控制器的分類(lèi) 33
6.2.4 可編程控制器的特點(diǎn) 35
6.2.5  PLC的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 35
6.3主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)控制 36
總論 37
致謝 38
參考文獻(xiàn) 39