北京皇家園林史的研究

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摘 要
文章介紹了中國(guó)園林發(fā)展史及特點(diǎn)和北京皇家園林的發(fā)展歷史及特色，探討了東西方兩種園林風(fēng)格對(duì)景觀的處理模式的比較、類型的比較、造園手法的差異、思想與文化背景的比較、還詳細(xì)介紹了北京皇家園林與江南私家園林的區(qū)別。并且列舉了多個(gè)北京皇家園林實(shí)例，如：北京明清宮殿、圓明園、避暑山莊、頤和園，提出北京皇家園林可持續(xù)發(fā)展概述。
目前隨著現(xiàn)代化經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展提出了對(duì)古園保護(hù)利用的思考。并認(rèn)為歷史文化、古園保護(hù)，目的不是滿足人們對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化、人文景觀的懷念，而是在物質(zhì)和精神上延續(xù)我們的文化和生活本質(zhì)。所以北京大園林規(guī)劃在對(duì)待傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)貌時(shí)，不僅僅是繼承，更重要的是在連續(xù)這種時(shí)空整體上下工夫，做到時(shí)空文脈上的合理發(fā)展。并提出園林建設(shè)規(guī)劃上的整體統(tǒng)一，其潛在意義絕不是大屋頂和四合院等形式和布局要素在城規(guī)上的重新出現(xiàn)，而是需要從總體上反映城市規(guī)劃對(duì)自然和文化生態(tài)的適應(yīng)方式，從人與生態(tài)環(huán)境和諧相處的角度，發(fā)掘北京皇家園林等傳統(tǒng)園林對(duì)北京的積極影響的觀點(diǎn)。

關(guān)鍵詞： 皇家園林,園林風(fēng)格,中國(guó)園林

Research of the royal garden history of Beijing
Abstract
The article has introduced China's garden development history and developing history and characteristic in the characteristic and royal garden of Beijing, have probed into the comparison of the mode of treatment to view of two kinds of garden styles between east and west, comparison , difference , thought , comparison , introduce Beijing royal garden and difference , the South of private garden in detail also of culture background of landscape gardening of type. And has enumerated a lot of royal garden instances of Beijing, for instance: Palace , the Yuanmingyuan , Summer Villa , Summer Palace in the Ming and Qing Dynasties of Beijing, propose the royal garden sustainable development summary in Beijing. Have proposed protecting the thinking that is utilized to the ancient garden with the economic development of the modernization at present. Think history and culture , ancient garden are protected , the purpose is not to meet people cherishing the memory of to traditional culture , human cultural sight, but extend our culture and life essence on the material and spirit . So the large garden of Beijing is planned to be not merely inherited while treating the traditional style and features , the more important thing is in the space-time whole upper and lower time in succession , reasonable development , ineffective law of pulse when making sure. It propose the that the construction plans have on garden unify wholly, meaning not potential of it in city rule been such form and overall arrangement key elements as roof and the Chinese courtyard house not large,etc. definitely it is the more another to appear, is it reflect urban planning on the whole to need to naturally with culture ecological adaptation way, from people and harmonious angle that gets along of ecological environment , explore the view in such positive impact on Beijing in the traditional garden as the royal garden of Beijing ,etc..
Keyword：Royal garden; Style of the garden; Garden of China