薄壁系列軸承測(cè)振分析
　　　               
摘  要
　　　薄壁軸承比常規(guī)軸承具有更小的尺寸和更多的滾動(dòng)體，薄壁軸承還具有比常規(guī)大型、重載軸承更嚴(yán)格的配合公差。 因此，薄壁軸承經(jīng)常被推薦用于需要精確控制或者旋轉(zhuǎn)軸拆卸位置苛刻的地方。然而，由于壁薄，加工難度隨之變大，軸承套圈的熱處理變形、加工變形等需要特殊的夾具和特別優(yōu)化的工藝參數(shù)來保證薄壁軸承的質(zhì)量。薄壁軸承制造過程中，非常容易出現(xiàn)的是振動(dòng)值超標(biāo)，尤其是低頻振動(dòng)值無法達(dá)到要求。
　　　本文中，主要以6809軸承為典型研究對(duì)象，對(duì)薄壁系列軸承的振動(dòng)測(cè)量和分析進(jìn)行了研究。對(duì)薄壁軸承進(jìn)行振動(dòng)測(cè)量和分析，可以從理論上發(fā)現(xiàn)薄壁軸承發(fā)生質(zhì)量問題的原因所在，進(jìn)而對(duì)加工過程進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)和優(yōu)化。
　　　本研究中，通過對(duì)比6809軸承與6908、6907軸承的測(cè)振數(shù)據(jù)、軸承尺寸結(jié)構(gòu)，再對(duì)6809試制樣品測(cè)振數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析，依照相關(guān)理論找出加工中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，再按相應(yīng)的解決方案和軸承制造經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)加工過程進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化。如磨加工改用浮動(dòng)支承，回火采用特殊設(shè)計(jì)的夾具等，最終使得6809軸承的大批量生產(chǎn)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。
　　　
　　　關(guān) 鍵 詞：薄壁軸承 測(cè)振 加工變形 低頻振動(dòng) 優(yōu)化
　　　
　　　
　　　
　　　
　　　
　　　
　　　

VIBRATION TESTING AND ANALYSIS OF THE THIN WALL SERIES BEARING

ABSTRACT
　　　Thin wall bearings have smaller size and more rolling element than conventional bearing, and also a more strict tolerance than conventional large or heavy bearing. Therefore, thin wall bearing is often used for accurate control and the place where has difficulty to remove the axis. However, due to the thin wall, the processing becomes more difficult. The heat treatment deformation and processing deformation need special fixture and special processing parameters to ensure the quality of thin wall bearing. In the manufacturing process of the thin-wall bearing, vibration value is often out of limits, especially the low frequency vibration value.
　　　In this paper, we study the series of thin wall bearing vibration measurement and analysis typically in 6809.The study can help to found the reason of quality problems of thin wall bearing in theory, then guide and optimize the machining process.
　　　In this study, we contrast with 6908, 6907 6809 bearing vibration measurement data and the bearing structure size, according to the related theory to find the weak link of processing. Then follow the solutions and use bearing manufacturing experience to improve the machining process. And finally make the 6809 bearing batch production into a reality.
　　　KEY WORDS: Thin wall bearing, Vibration testing, Machining deformation, Low frequency vibration, Optimization

　　　
　　　
　　　
目  錄
前  言 2
第1章 薄壁軸承的加工過程研究和改進(jìn) 5
§1.1 薄壁軸承加工過程和參數(shù) 5
§1.2 對(duì)6809軸承作出的工藝改進(jìn) 9
第2章 軸承振動(dòng)原理和測(cè)振過程 10
§2.1 軸承振動(dòng)的原理 10
§2.1.1 軸承結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)引起的振動(dòng) 10
§2.1.2 軸承鋼度非線性引起的振動(dòng) 10
§2.1.3 軸承制造裝配的原因 11
§2.2 薄壁軸承振動(dòng)測(cè)量?jī)x器和原理 13
第3章 測(cè)振數(shù)據(jù)和分析 17
§3.1薄壁軸承6908和6907的振動(dòng)測(cè)量 17
§3.2薄壁軸承6809樣品的振動(dòng)測(cè)量 18
§3.3改進(jìn)工藝后6809軸承測(cè)振結(jié)果 21
結(jié)  論 23
參考文獻(xiàn) 24
致　謝 25