虛擬信號(hào)發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)

摘要

　　　虛擬儀器是將儀器技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、總線技術(shù)和軟件技術(shù)緊密的融合在一起，利用計(jì)算機(jī)強(qiáng)大的數(shù)字處理能力實(shí)現(xiàn)儀器的大部分功能，打破了傳統(tǒng)儀器的框架，形成一種新的儀器模式。

　　　本設(shè)計(jì)采用USB6008數(shù)據(jù)采集卡，將虛擬儀器技術(shù)用于信號(hào)發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)。該系統(tǒng)具有生成正弦波、方波、三角波、鋸齒波，序列信號(hào)及任意波形的功能。其序列信號(hào)發(fā)生器是在n位寄存器的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)D觸發(fā)器原理，加上異或反饋電路構(gòu)成的。并且實(shí)現(xiàn)了存儲(chǔ)波形和遠(yuǎn)程通信控制的功能。本文首先介紹了信號(hào)發(fā)生器的相關(guān)理論，給出了信號(hào)發(fā)生器的基本原理框圖，并了解了虛擬儀器的總線及其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、框架結(jié)構(gòu)、LABVIEW 開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)。在分析本系統(tǒng)功能需求的基礎(chǔ)上，介紹了數(shù)據(jù)采集卡、LABVIEW 的編程模式等設(shè)計(jì)中所涉及到的硬件和技術(shù)。

　　　本設(shè)計(jì)是虛擬儀器模擬真實(shí)儀器的嘗試。實(shí)踐證明虛擬儀器是一種優(yōu)秀的解決方案，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)各種硬件可以完成的任務(wù)。

關(guān)鍵詞:虛擬儀器，數(shù)據(jù)采集卡，信號(hào)發(fā)生器，LABVIEW 

　　　　

The design of signal generator based on virtual instrument

Abstract

Virtual instrument is formed by the instrument technology, computer technology, bus technology and software technology. Powerful digital processing’s ability of computer is used to achieve the main functions of instrument. Virtual instrument broke the framework of the traditional instruments, and built a new device model. 

This design uses USB6008 data acquisition card. The virtual instrument technology has been utilized in the design of signal generator. The system has ability to produce sine wave, square wave, and triangle wave, saw tooth wave, sequence signals and arbitrary waveforms signals. The series generators is on the basis of the n - bit registers, and is under d trigger principle, coupled with the exclusive or of feedback circuit . And the waveform storage and remote communication control function has been realized. This article introduces the theory of signal generator, gives a basic block diagram of signal generator, also the frame structure and LABVIEW development platform of the virtual instrument with the inquiry of the bus’s standard. Based on the analysis of this system’s functional requirements, this article introduces the hardware and technology which involved in design of the data acquisition card and the LABVIEW’s programming modes.

The design is an attempt of virtual instrument to simulate the reality instrument. It shows the virtual instrument is an excellent solution to achieve the task which is achieved by traditional hardware in the past.

Key Words: Virtual Instruments， Data Acquisition Cards， Signal Generators，

LABVIEW

目錄

摘要 I

目錄 III

1 緒論 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 信號(hào)發(fā)生器概述 1

1.2.1 信號(hào)發(fā)生器簡(jiǎn)介 1

1.2.2 信號(hào)發(fā)生器的發(fā)展 1

1.3 信號(hào)發(fā)生器的分類 2

1.3.1 正弦信號(hào)發(fā)生器 2

1.3.2 函數(shù)發(fā)生器 3

1.3.3 脈沖信號(hào)發(fā)生器 4

1.3.4 隨機(jī)信號(hào)發(fā)生器 4

1.4 課題的意義 4

2 虛擬儀器和Labview簡(jiǎn)介 5

2.1 虛擬儀器概述 5

2.1.1 虛擬儀器產(chǎn)生背景 5

2.1.2虛擬儀器概念 6

2.1.3 虛擬儀器的分類 6

2.1.4 虛擬儀器的發(fā)展方向 7

2.2 虛擬儀器系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成 8

2.3 虛擬儀器與傳統(tǒng)儀器的比較 9

2.4 虛擬儀器的開(kāi)發(fā)軟件 10

3 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)硬件平臺(tái) 13

3.1 PC 機(jī) 13

3.2 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的選擇 13

3.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的主要性能指標(biāo) 13

3.2.2 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的組成 13

3.2.3 USB6008 14

4 系統(tǒng)總體的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn) 16

4.1 基本信號(hào)發(fā)生器 16

4.1.1傳統(tǒng)基本信號(hào)發(fā)生器 16

4.1.2 虛擬號(hào)發(fā)生器 16

4.2 檔位選擇 18

4.3 信號(hào)存儲(chǔ) 19

4.4 任意波形發(fā)生器 20

4.5 序列信號(hào) 21

4.5.1 序列信號(hào)概念 21

4.5.2 基于虛擬儀器的序列信號(hào)產(chǎn)生原理 22

4.6 遠(yuǎn)程虛擬儀器 24

4.6.1 用TCP/IP協(xié)議進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程通信 25

4.6.2 TCP子模板介紹 25

4.6.3 遠(yuǎn)程顯示模塊程序 26

4.7 通道選擇 27

4.7.1 基本波形虛擬通道設(shè)計(jì) 27

4.7.2循環(huán)及清除程序 28

4.7.3 選定通道后運(yùn)行 29

4.8 程序總框圖 30

4.9 信號(hào)生成過(guò)程需要注意的事項(xiàng) 32

5 結(jié)論 34

參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 35

致 謝 36