目     錄

摘  要 ……………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

1 緒論………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 課題背景……………………………………………………………………1

  1.2 國內(nèi)外汽車車門有限元分析的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀…………………………………1

1.3 課題研究內(nèi)容………………………………………………………………4

 1.4 課題研究目的和意義………………………………………………………4

2 有限元理論基礎(chǔ)及軟件介紹……………………………………………………6

2.1 有限元法理論基礎(chǔ)…………………………………………………………6

  2.2 軟件介紹……………………………………………………………………10

3 車門有限元模型的建立…………………………………………………………11

  3.1 車門剛度有限元模型建立原則……………………………………………11

  3.2 幾何清理……………………………………………………………………11

  3.3 單元類型選取………………………………………………………………12

  3.4 網(wǎng)格劃分……………………………………………………………………13

  3.5 零部件之間的連接…………………………………………………………17

  3.6 車門有限元模擬……………………………………………………………18

4 前門的有限元靜力分析…………………………………………………………21

  4.1 前車門自由模態(tài)分析………………………………………………………21

4.2 前門側(cè)向剛度分析…………………………………………………………22

  4.3 前門垂向剛度分析…………………………………………………………2

5 后背門的有限元靜力分析………………………………………………………27

  5.1 后背門自由模態(tài)分析………………………………………………………27

5.2 后背門側(cè)向剛度分析………………………………………………………28

  5.3 后背門垂向剛度分析………………………………………………………29

6 車門剛度優(yōu)化……………………………………………………………………32

  6.1 車門結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化要注意的問題………………………………………………32

  6.2 轎車前車門的優(yōu)化分析……………………………………………………32

6.3 后背門的優(yōu)化分析…………………………………………………………36

  6.4 車身結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化展望…………………………………………………………38

7 論文總結(jié)及工作展望……………………………………………………………39

  7.1 主要研究工作總結(jié)…………………………………………………………39

  7.2 工作展望……………………………………………………………………39

參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………………41

文獻(xiàn)綜述………………………………………………………………………………44

摘  要

隨著科技的發(fā)展，汽車產(chǎn)品也是趨于多樣化和智能化，同時也趨于復(fù)雜化。在新車型的開發(fā)和設(shè)計過程中，如何來判斷車門結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性以及車門結(jié)構(gòu)靜態(tài)強(qiáng)度和剛度，是一項十分重要的工作。本課題主要對某國產(chǎn)轎車的左前門和某面包車的后背門進(jìn)行了靜力分析。

本課題主要利用有限元法分別對研究對象進(jìn)行了自由模態(tài)和剛度分析，通過HyperMesh軟件建立了車門的有限元模型，分析了各種工況下車門的固有頻率和剛度，并得到了車門各種工況下的位移云圖，使得分析計算結(jié)果更加的直觀。

車門作為汽車車身的重要構(gòu)件，必須保證它具有足夠的強(qiáng)度和可靠性。進(jìn)行車門的靜力分析，為車門結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計優(yōu)化提供了依據(jù)，使得整車設(shè)計周期縮短的同時也節(jié)約了成本。

關(guān)鍵字：車門；有限元法；靜力分析；側(cè)向剛度；垂向剛度

Abstract

With the development of science and technology, automobile products also tend to be more diversified and intelligent, and at the same time, tend to be complicated. In the process of the development of new models and design, how to determine the door the rationality of the structure and the door structural static strength and stiffness, is a very important work. This topic mainly for a certain domestic car left the front door and back door has carried on the static analysis of a van.

This topic mainly using finite element method respectively, the object of study on the free modal analysis and stiffness, and the door was established based on HyperMesh software of finite element model, analyzes the various working conditions is the door of the inherent frequency and stiffness, displacement nephogram and doors of various working conditions are obtained, and makes analysis and calculation results more intuitive.

The doors as an important component of the car body, must ensure that it has sufficient strength and reliability. The door to the static analysis, provided the basis for the structural design of the door optimization, makes the vehicle design cycle shortened at the same time also save on cost.

Key words: Car Door; FEM; Static Analysis; Lateral Stiffness; Vertical Stiffness