醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖使用比例及其應(yīng)用錯(cuò)誤的抽樣調(diào)查

    

摘  要

目的 通過(guò)抽樣研究調(diào)查中華醫(yī)學(xué)期刊網(wǎng)1998-2012年收錄的文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤出現(xiàn)情況，了解醫(yī)學(xué)期刊論文中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用比例及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤的出現(xiàn)比例，并對(duì)其做分層分析(按期刊類型、發(fā)表年份等分層)，為有針對(duì)性調(diào)整醫(yī)學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的教學(xué)方案與規(guī)范醫(yī)學(xué)論文中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的制作提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法 采用兩階段完全隨機(jī)抽樣從總體中(1998～2012年中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)期刊網(wǎng)中已收錄文獻(xiàn)共計(jì)408600篇)抽取已發(fā)表的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)作為樣本。一階段以頁(yè)(按文獻(xiàn)發(fā)表時(shí)間排序?qū)⒖傮w中的文獻(xiàn)分為40860頁(yè))為抽樣單元，二階段以每頁(yè)內(nèi)的文獻(xiàn)(每頁(yè)包含10篇文獻(xiàn))為抽樣單元；依據(jù)醫(yī)學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的制作和使用規(guī)范確定正確使用統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并制定調(diào)查表，對(duì)每篇文獻(xiàn)中的基本信息，統(tǒng)計(jì)圖使用情況及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤出現(xiàn)情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查, 以期刊類型、發(fā)表年份、作者性別、作者單位、作者學(xué)歷、課題資助類型等因素分層對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)期刊文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用比例及其常見(jiàn)應(yīng)用錯(cuò)誤的比例進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果 調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示中華醫(yī)學(xué)期刊網(wǎng)1998-2012年收錄文獻(xiàn)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用率為7.4%；直條圖，百分條圖，圓圖，線圖，對(duì)數(shù)線圖，直方圖，箱式圖，統(tǒng)計(jì)地圖及散點(diǎn)圖使用比例分別為：3.3%，0.0%，0.1%，4.4%，0.1%，0.1%，0.1%，0.0%，0.6%，其中以線圖使用比例最高(4.4%)，統(tǒng)計(jì)地圖最低(0.0%)；統(tǒng)計(jì)圖使用錯(cuò)誤的比例為14.3%，直條圖，圓圖，線圖，對(duì)數(shù)線圖，直方圖，箱式圖及散點(diǎn)圖使用錯(cuò)誤比例分別為13.2%， 0.0%，0.0%，16.7%，0.0%， 7.5%，其中以直方圖使用錯(cuò)誤比例為最高(16.7%)；圖序編制不規(guī)范、標(biāo)題缺失、標(biāo)題位置不正確、橫縱坐標(biāo)設(shè)置不規(guī)范及圖例應(yīng)用不規(guī)范的比例分別為2.2%，0.5%，2.0%,9.4%,3.8%，其中以橫縱標(biāo)目設(shè)置不規(guī)范的出現(xiàn)比例為最高(9.4%)，標(biāo)題缺失出現(xiàn)比例最低(0.5%)。分層分析結(jié)果顯示：不同期刊類型、不同作者性別、不同作者單位類別中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用比例及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤比例差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)；不同文獻(xiàn)發(fā)表年份中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖使用錯(cuò)誤比例(F=3.441，P=0.032)、直條圖使用錯(cuò)誤比例(F=7.853，P=0.000)、圖序使用不規(guī)范比例(F=4.386,P=0.013)、橫縱標(biāo)目使用不規(guī)范比例(F=4.116，P=0.016)差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義；不同作者學(xué)歷水平(F=3.299，P=0.000)和不同課題資助類型(F=8.868，P=0.000)間統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用比例差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)論 中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)期刊1998～2012年收錄文獻(xiàn)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用比例(7.4%)不高，但統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用錯(cuò)誤的比例相對(duì)較高(14.3%)；文獻(xiàn)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用比例與文獻(xiàn)發(fā)表年份、作者學(xué)歷水平、課題資助有關(guān)；文獻(xiàn)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用錯(cuò)誤比例與文獻(xiàn)發(fā)表年份有關(guān)；統(tǒng)計(jì)圖常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤中圖序不規(guī)范、橫縱標(biāo)目不規(guī)范與文獻(xiàn)發(fā)表年份有關(guān)。

關(guān)鍵詞：統(tǒng)計(jì)圖；二階段完全隨機(jī)抽樣；錯(cuò)誤比例；分層分析

The Sampling survey of the use ratio and its application error of statistical figure in Medical literature

       

                             Abstract

Objectives through sampling survey the use and common errors of various statistical figure in the literature published from 1998 to 2012 in Chinese medicine journal net, understand the use and common error ratio of various statistical figure in medical journal articles, and make hierarchical analysis to them (according to layered factors, such as the journal types,published year), which will provide the scientific basis for targeted adjustments teaching plan of medical statistics statistical chart and standard the statistical chart in medical papers. Methods using two stage completely random sampling the published medical literature from the population (the Chinese medical association journal net from1998 to 2012 has included a total of 408600 literature) as a sample. The sampling unit is page (literature in general can be divided into 40860 pages when it’s sorted by published time) in the first stage, The second phase regards the document in each page(each page contains 10 articles) as the sampling unit; According to the production and specifications of the statistical figure in medical statistics are used to determine the judgment standard of correct use and formulate questionnaire statistical figure. Layered by basic information of each document, including periodical type, year of publication in journal, author of gender, the author unit, the author qualifications, the types of project financing, and analyzed utilization rate and the common application error ratio of a variety of statistical graphs in medical journal articles. Results Results show that  the use proportion of statistical figure in the literature collected in the Chinese medical association journal from 1998 to 2012 is 7.4%.The use proportion of Straight figure, percentage of diagram, chart, diagram, logarithmic diagram, histogram, box-type graph, statistical map and a scatter diagram using ratio is 3.3%, 0.0%, 0.1%, 4.4%, 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.0%, 0.6% respectively, of which diagram use proportion is highest (4.4%) and the statistical map is lowest (0.0%).The using error ratio of Statistical figure is 14.3%. The using error ratio of straight line diagram, chart, diagram, logarithmic diagram, histogram, box-type graph and a scatter diagram is 13.2%, 0.0%, 0.0%, 16.7%, 0.0%, 7.5% respectively , of which the highest using error ratio is the histogram (16.7%). The non-standard Figure order , lack of the title, wrong location of title and non-standard horizontal ordinate and non-standard application of illustration is 2.2%, 0.5%, 2.0%, 9.4%, 3.8% respectively.Stratified analysis results showed that the differences of use proportion of statistic figure and its usual mistakes had no statistical significance between different types of periodicals, the author of sex and author's unit (P > 0.05). the different of using error ratio of Statistical figure in literatures (F = 3.441, P = 3.441), using error ratio article straight figure (F = 7.853, P = 0.000),  using non-standard ratio of statistic figure(F = 4.386, P =0.013), Horizontal ordinate using non-standard ratio of horizontal ordinate (F = 4.116, P = 4.116)between different published years have statistical significance.the difference of use ratio of statistical figure between different authors degree level (F = 3.299, P = 0.000) and different types of project funding (F = 8.868, P = 8.868) is statistically significant.

Keyword：statistical figure；two stage completely random sampling；error rate；layered analysis 

目  錄

摘  要 I

Abstract Ⅱ

前  言 1

1.材料與方法 2

1.1 調(diào)查對(duì)象 2

1.2 調(diào)查方法 3

1.3 調(diào)查內(nèi)容 3

1.4 調(diào)查表制定 3

1.5 質(zhì)量控制 4

1.6 資料統(tǒng)計(jì)分析 4

2結(jié)果 5

2.1調(diào)查醫(yī)學(xué)期刊文獻(xiàn)的基本特征 5

2.2中華醫(yī)學(xué)期刊網(wǎng)期刊文獻(xiàn)中統(tǒng)計(jì)圖使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤出現(xiàn)情況 5

2.2.1 中華醫(yī)學(xué)期刊網(wǎng)期刊文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用情況 6

2.2.2 中華醫(yī)學(xué)期刊網(wǎng)期刊文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖錯(cuò)誤使用的情況 7

2.2.3 中華醫(yī)學(xué)期刊網(wǎng)期刊文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖各種常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況 8

2.3中華醫(yī)學(xué)期刊網(wǎng)期刊文獻(xiàn)中各統(tǒng)計(jì)圖使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況的分層分析 8

2.3.1不同期刊文獻(xiàn)中各種各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況 8

2.3.2不同發(fā)表年份文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的錯(cuò)誤使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況 11

2.3.3不同作者性別文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的錯(cuò)誤使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況 14

2.3.4不同作者單位文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況 17

2.3.5不同作者學(xué)歷水平文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況 19

2.3.6不同基金資助文獻(xiàn)中各種統(tǒng)計(jì)圖使用及常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤情況 21

3討論 25

4結(jié)論 27

參考文獻(xiàn) 28

致 謝 29