美國(guó)俚語(yǔ)的產(chǎn)生及功能的分析
On the Origins and Functions of American Slang

Contents

Abstract……..………………………………….........................…...…………..……Ⅰ
Key Words………………………………….......................……………….....……...Ⅰ
摘要.........................................................................Ⅱ
關(guān)鍵詞………………………...................................................……………………………………II
Introduction……………………………………………….......…………………….…1
I. The Definition of Slang…………………......................…………………………….3
II. The Origin of Slang………………………………....………………….……..........4
A. History……………………………………………...............................…….….4
B. Society………………………………………………….…..........................…..5
C. Psychology……………….…………..............................................................…6
D. National Spirit and Character Features of Americans…….........……….…..…6
E. New Things and New Concepts………………………...........................……....7
III. The Function of Slang………………………………………................…………..7
A. Refraction………………………………………………….…….…..............…7
1. Fact.………………….......................................................................................7
1.1. The Discrepancy of Identity…………………………..……………..…8
1.2. The Trend of Oral English…………………..……………………….…8
1.3. The Ordinary Life……………………….………………………………..9
2. Attitude……………………………………….……………………………….9
B. Usage……………………………………………………………………..…..10
1. Overcoming the Communicational Barrier…………………….……………10
2. Provoking the Vigor of Language………………………………...…………11
2.1. Written Language….................................................................…………12
2.2. Oral Language…………………………………………………………13
Conclusion………………………………………………………...…………….……15
Acknowledgements………………………………………….…………………….…16
Bibliography………………………………………………....……….........................17
Abstract

Modern American slang is a non-written language innovation and the crystal of history and culture. Slang is an objective existence which is often used by many people, and has become an integral component of the language and an important communication tool. But it often leaves a vulgar, frivolous impression to people. In fact, as a communication tool for people, it can not be regarded as good or bad. American slang develops rapidly, which has a strong cultural flavor as a special carrier.
This paper elaborates the reason of American slang existence from the angles of history, society, psychology and personality of Americans. On the other hand, this paper analyzes the existence value of American slang from the aspects of refraction function and usage function. The slang refracts the discrepancy of social identity, the trend of oral English and the life of ordinary people. At the same time, it refracts a kind of attitude by which the people treat the reality. Its usage function includes overcoming the communicative barrier and provoking the vigor of language.

Key Words

American culture; slang; function


摘 要

現(xiàn)代美國(guó)俚語(yǔ)是一種非書(shū)面性語(yǔ)言的創(chuàng)新，是歷史和文化的結(jié)晶，俚語(yǔ)是客觀存在的被許多人經(jīng)常使用的語(yǔ)言，是詞匯中不可或缺的組成部分，已成為及其重要的交際工具。但它常常留給人粗俗，輕佻的印象。實(shí)際上，作為人們交際工具的語(yǔ)言，本身沒(méi)有階級(jí)性。美國(guó)俚語(yǔ)發(fā)展迅速，它作為美國(guó)文化一種特殊的載體，具有濃厚的文化色彩。
本文將從歷史，社會(huì)，心理以及美國(guó)人的性格特征等方面分析了美國(guó)俚語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的原因。另一方面，又將從俚語(yǔ)的反映功能和使用功能來(lái)闡述美國(guó)俚語(yǔ)存在的價(jià)值。它反映了一種現(xiàn)實(shí)包括語(yǔ)言的身份差異，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的發(fā)展方向，普通民眾的真實(shí)生活。同時(shí)它還反映了一種態(tài)度：人們通過(guò)語(yǔ)言而表明自己對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的態(tài)度。它的使用功能則包括了在使用中克服語(yǔ)言交際障礙，激發(fā)語(yǔ)言的活力。

關(guān)鍵詞

美國(guó)文化; 俚語(yǔ); 功能


Bibliography

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