傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于子網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)匯聚路由算法
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摘要

傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合了傳感器技術(shù)、嵌入式計(jì)算技術(shù)、分布式信息處理技術(shù)和無線通信技術(shù),能夠協(xié)作地實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)、感知和采集各種環(huán)境或監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)象的信息,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理,傳送到這些信息的用戶.傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)技術(shù)的一個(gè)新的研究領(lǐng)域,具有十分廣闊的應(yīng)用前景,受到學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界的高度重視.
與傳統(tǒng)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)相比，傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)分布稠密、易失效、節(jié)點(diǎn)資源有限、難以獲得全局信息,因此傳統(tǒng)的路由算法并不適合傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),必須針對(duì)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特性研究新的路由機(jī)制與算法。
本文是基于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的GPS系統(tǒng)定位技術(shù)，提出了“子網(wǎng)”和“能量核”的概念,并在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了一種傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于子網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)匯聚路由算法，
本文還介紹了基于此算法的模擬仿真試驗(yàn)，在Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003平臺(tái)上模擬實(shí)現(xiàn)了傳感器利用此算法的尋徑過程，并分析了此算法的一些性能。

關(guān)鍵詞: 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),子網(wǎng),能量核,算法



A Subnet based
Data-Centric Routing Algorithm for Sensor Networks


Abstract
Sensor networks are integration of sensor technology, nested computation technology, distributed computation technology, and wireless communication technology, They can be used for testing, sensing, collecting and processing information of monitored objects and transferring processed information to users. Sensor network is a new research area of computer science and technology and has a wide future for application. Both academia and industries are very interested in it.
Compared with the traditional wireless network, the density of the sensor nodes distribution is much high, and the sensor nodes are easy to lose efficacy and their resources are limited, which result in great difficulty in accessing global information. Therefore the traditional routing algorithm is not suitable for sensor networks, We must develop some new routing mechanism and algorithm according to the characteristics of the sensor network.
This paper is based on the GPS positioning technology applied in wireless sensor network, issues the concepts of the "subnet" and "energy-core", and shows a subnet-based data-centric routing algorithm for the wireless sensor networks.
This paper also describes the simulation experiment based on the algorithm, which is developed on the Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003 platform, and shows the routing process of sensors with the Algorithm. Furthermore we analyze the performance of the algorithm in some aspects.

Key Words: Sensor Network, Subnet, energy-core, algorithm



目錄
1. 緒論 1
1.1 課題背景及意義 1
1.2 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀 3
1.3 論文構(gòu)成及研究?jī)?nèi)容 5
1.4 小結(jié) 5
2．傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)概述 6
2.1無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)及特性 6
2.2傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的定向傳播模型 7
2.2.1數(shù)據(jù)匯聚 7
2.2.2定向傳播模型 7
2.3無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用 9
2.4小結(jié) 10
3．傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的全球定位系統(tǒng) 11
3.1傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的全球定位系統(tǒng)介紹 11
3.2傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的全球定位系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用 11
3.3傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的全球定位系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用 13
3.4小結(jié) 13
4．基于子網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)匯聚路由算法 14
4.1子網(wǎng)模型 14
4.2分布式“能量核”周期性生成算法 15
4.2.1. 簡(jiǎn)單連通無向圖 15
4.2.2. 能量核生成算法 15
4.3 路由算法 16
4.3.1. 數(shù)據(jù)匯聚基本原理 16
4.3.2數(shù)據(jù)匯聚路由算法 16
4.4 小結(jié) 17
5．算法性能對(duì)比分析 18
5.1模擬仿真實(shí)驗(yàn) 18
5.1.1. 模擬仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)開發(fā)工具 18
5.1.2. 模擬仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)介紹 18
5.2算法性能分析 23
5.3小結(jié) 24
結(jié)論 25
致謝 26
參考文獻(xiàn) 27
附錄A 29


參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] W.Heinzelman, 21 ideas for the 21st Century, Bussiness Week, 1999, 35: 78-167.
[2]Gordon N, Sahmond D, Aspect of Target Tracking:Problems and Techniques, Proc. Of the IEEE Colloquium on Target Tracking and Date Fusion,1998:1247-1256.
[3]T.Arici, Y.Altunbasak, Adaptive Sensing for Enviroment Monitoring Using Wireless Sensor Networks, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference(WCNC),2004
[4] A. Mainwaring, D,Culler, J. Polastre, et al.Wireless Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring. The 1st ACM Int’l Workshop on Wireless Sensor Net works and Applications,Atlanta,Georgia, USA,2002
[5]Flood Warning Technologies and Applications.

附錄A
部分程序如下：
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;

namespace subnet
{
///

/// Form1 的摘要說明。
///

public struct sensePoint
{
public int x;
......