心胸血管循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的建模與仿真研究

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摘要 心血管循環(huán)系統(tǒng)是最復(fù)雜的生命系統(tǒng)之一，具有高度的動態(tài)性。 心室的充盈和排空、器官中的血流的再分配、心血管系統(tǒng)與其他系統(tǒng)的相互作用等等，都不斷地發(fā)生變化。由于心血管系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性，迄今為止人們?nèi)匀粺o法完全了解其內(nèi)在機(jī)理，故常用模型方法對其進(jìn)行研究。隨著電子計算機(jī)技術(shù)而發(fā)展起來的數(shù)字仿真技術(shù)正在日益廣泛地為生命系統(tǒng)的研究所采納, 成為一種基本方法。這種方法彌補(bǔ)了活體實驗的不足, 以其快捷、經(jīng)濟(jì)、靈活的優(yōu)勢迅速發(fā)展應(yīng)用。
本文在介紹循環(huán)系統(tǒng)仿真與全心室循環(huán)系統(tǒng)建模的基本概念和方法的基礎(chǔ)上, 著重介紹了心血管左心室動力學(xué)方面的數(shù)學(xué)模型和數(shù)字仿真。本文應(yīng)用MATLAB軟件建立了左心循環(huán)模型，包括左心房、右心房、左心室、右心室、二尖瓣、動脈瓣和動脈系統(tǒng)。應(yīng)用這一仿真模型，可以對左心室容積、血壓、主動脈血壓和血流等左心循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的血流動力學(xué)參數(shù)進(jìn)行動態(tài)模擬。本文通過建立的模型得到了正常人左心室壓力、主動脈流量、左心室體積、左心室血流量等的波形，并且還對二尖瓣和主動脈異常病人的左心室壓力、左心房壓力等進(jìn)行了波形模擬。該模型使用工具可以進(jìn)行數(shù)值計算，從而得到相應(yīng)波形，具有直觀、容易實現(xiàn)、方便調(diào)節(jié)參數(shù)等優(yōu)點。
關(guān)鍵詞 ： 建模 仿真 左心室 心血管 MATLAB

The study of cardiovascular circulatory system modeling and simulation
Abstract Circulatory system is one of the most complex living systems，and it is highly dynamic. Ventricular filling and emptying, the redistribution of blood flow in the organ, cardiovascular system interact with other systems and so on, are constantly changing. As the complexity of the cardiovascular system, so far people are still not fully understand the inner mechanism, so people usually use model to study it. As computer technology developed, the digital simulation technology is increasing adopted for the research of living systems as a basic method. This method can make up the deficiency in vivo, with its fast,flexible and economic advantage of the rapid development of applicantions.
This paper describes the circulatory system simulation and modeling of the basic concepts and methods, and then focuses on cardiovascular ascepts of dynamics in mathematical models and digital simulation of left ventricular. The model is established of MATLAB and consists of the left atrium, left ventricle, mitral valve, arterial valves and arterial system. With this simulation model, we can do dynamic simulation on the hemodynamic model of circulatory system of the left ventricular, such as left ventricular volume, blood pressure, aortic blood pressure and blood flow and so on.his article has the waveforms of left ventricular pressure, aortic flow, left ventricular mass and left ventricular blood flow of normal person. And waveforms on patients with abnormal mitral and aortic left ventricular pressure, left atrial pressure were simulated. This model uses tools to do calculation, and then get waveforms, it is intuitive, easy to implement, easy to adjust the parameters.
Keywords ：modeling simulation left ventricle cardiovascular MATLAB

目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1．1研究背景及意義 1
1．2心血管循環(huán)系統(tǒng)模型的研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1．3本文主要研究內(nèi)容 3
第二章 心胸血管生理情況的循環(huán) 5
2．1 血液循環(huán)系統(tǒng)生理 5
2．2 心臟的泵血過程 6
第三章 系統(tǒng)建模和仿真的原理 8
3．1 MATLAB語言特點 8
3．2 MATLAB在建模中的應(yīng)用 9
3．1系統(tǒng)建模和仿真在生理系統(tǒng)研究中的應(yīng)用 10
3.3.1生理系統(tǒng)的建模與仿真 11
3.3.2血液循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的建模與仿真 13
第四章 心胸血管循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的建模與仿真 14
4．1 心血管系統(tǒng)整體模型 14
4．2 集中參數(shù)電路模型 14
4．3 模型中METLAB的應(yīng)用 21
4．4 左心室血流和血壓參數(shù)設(shè)置 21
4．5 仿真結(jié)果 23
4．6 模型可行性討論 29
第五章 總結(jié) 31
5．1 總結(jié) 31
5．2 展望 32
參考文獻(xiàn) 35