分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁同步電機(jī)繞組磁動(dòng)勢(shì)諧波分析

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摘 要
近些年，永磁同步電機(jī)由于無需單獨(dú)的勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)，定子繞組不需要設(shè)置勵(lì)磁繞組，這就使得電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)大大簡(jiǎn)化，在很大程度上減少了銅耗，降低了制造成本。此外，還有體積小，效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)被廣泛應(yīng)用。
分?jǐn)?shù)槽繞組技術(shù)的應(yīng)用解決了極數(shù)多與槽數(shù)有限之間矛盾，而且可以通過繞組的等效分布，消弱反電勢(shì)齒諧波，改善了反電勢(shì)波形，無需采用斜槽就能夠減小齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩，減小電機(jī)振動(dòng)和噪聲。分?jǐn)?shù)槽集中繞組的每個(gè)線圈繞組一個(gè)齒上，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，而且線圈端部會(huì)大大減少，這在扁平型電機(jī)中優(yōu)點(diǎn)尤為突出。小槽被大槽代替，不僅能夠增加槽滿率，提高功率體積密度，而且使得絕緣工藝更加方便。
采用分?jǐn)?shù)槽繞組，電機(jī)內(nèi)的諧波含量會(huì)增多，這將引起較大的轉(zhuǎn)子渦流損耗，使永磁體溫度升高，持續(xù)的溫升甚至導(dǎo)致永磁體退磁，影響電機(jī)的正常運(yùn)行。所以，進(jìn)行磁動(dòng)勢(shì)諧波分析，以找出一些能有效較少磁動(dòng)勢(shì)諧波的方法，就顯得異常重要。對(duì)于分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁電機(jī)而言，斜槽往往是為了減小電機(jī)的齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩，從而進(jìn)一步降低轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)，提高輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩性能。

關(guān)鍵詞： 永磁同步電機(jī)；分?jǐn)?shù)槽繞組；磁動(dòng)勢(shì)；諧波分析；齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩；斜槽

Abstract
In recent years, permanent magnet synchronous motor due to without the need for a separate excitation system, the stator winding is not need to set up field winding, this makes the motor structure is greatly simplified, to a large extent reduce the copper loss, reduces the manufacturing cost.In addition, there are small volume, high efficiency is widely used.
The application of the fractional- slot winding technology has solved the contradiction between the pole number and slot number is limited, but also through the winding equivalent distribution, weaken the tooth harmonic voltage, back emf waveform is improved, without the chute is able to reduce the cogging torque, reduce the motor vibration and noise.Fractional -slot concentrated winding each coil winding on a tooth, compact structure, and the coil end would be greatly reduced, this advantage is particularly prominent in the flat motor.Small tank replaced by large tanks, not only can increase the rate of tank is full, improve power density, volume and convenient insulation technology.
Using fractional- slot winding, motor harmonic content increases, this will cause bigger rotor eddy current loss, the permanent magnet temperature, constant temperature rise and even result in permanent magnet demagnetization, affect the normal operation of the machine.Therefore, the magnetomotive force harmonic analysis, to find out some less magnetomotive force harmonic method effectively, becomes important.For fractional- slot permanent magnet motor, the chute is often in order to reduce the cogging torque of the motor, so as to further reduce the torque ripple, improve the output torque performance.
Key words:permanent magnet synchronous motor; Fractional- slot winding; Magnetomotive force; Harmonic analysis; The cogging torque; chute


目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 永磁電機(jī)的概述 1
1.1.1 永磁電機(jī)的發(fā)展 1
1.1.2 永磁電機(jī)的特點(diǎn) 1
1.2 分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁電機(jī)的特點(diǎn) 2
1.3 本課題研究的背景和內(nèi)容 3
第二章 分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁同步電機(jī)繞組磁動(dòng)勢(shì)的計(jì)算 4
2.1 電樞繞組磁動(dòng)勢(shì) 4
2.1.1 單根導(dǎo)體的磁動(dòng)勢(shì) 4
2.1.2 單個(gè)線圈的磁動(dòng)勢(shì) 5
2.1.3 線圈組的磁動(dòng)勢(shì) 8
2.1.4 相繞組的磁動(dòng)勢(shì) 16
2.1.5 三相合成磁動(dòng)勢(shì) 18
2.2 繞組磁動(dòng)勢(shì)諧波分析的方法 19
2.2.1 傳統(tǒng)分析法 19
2.2.2 有限元法 23
2.3 不同q分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁電機(jī)磁動(dòng)勢(shì)分析 23
2.4 相同q分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁電機(jī)磁動(dòng)勢(shì)分析 24
2.5 減小磁動(dòng)勢(shì)諧波的方法 25
第三章 基于ansoft的9/6極永磁電機(jī)有限元分析 27
3.1 有限元建模 27
3.2 靜態(tài)特性 28
3.3 磁動(dòng)勢(shì)諧波 31
3.4 永磁電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子渦流損耗 34
3.4.1 轉(zhuǎn)子渦流損耗 34
3.4.2 影響渦流損耗的主要諧波次數(shù) 35
3.4.3 減小渦流損耗的主要措施 36
3.4.4 渦流損耗的計(jì)算與分析 36
3.5 斜槽 38
3.5.1 減小齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩的原理 38
3.5.2 分段計(jì)算法 39
3.5.3 斜槽相關(guān)仿真及分析 39
第四章 結(jié)論 42
致 謝 44
參考文獻(xiàn) 45