旅客登機(jī)橋行走系統(tǒng)PLC控制研究

2.28萬字
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摘要: 現(xiàn)如今全世界各大機(jī)場都向著大型化集中化的方向發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)場擺渡車在一定程度上幫助了旅客的登機(jī)，但由于存在不方便、不安全等缺點(diǎn)，嚴(yán)重限制了它的使用，因此采用旅客登機(jī)橋逐漸成為主流的接機(jī)方式。登機(jī)橋是機(jī)場用以連接候機(jī)廳與飛機(jī)之間的可移動升降的通道，一端連接候機(jī)樓的某個登機(jī)口，一端連接飛機(jī)艙門，旅客由對應(yīng)登機(jī)口進(jìn)入飛機(jī)。登機(jī)橋既縮短了候機(jī)樓和飛機(jī)的距離，又讓旅客免于日曬雨淋，及大地方便了旅客的登機(jī)。
本次設(shè)計采用羅克韋爾公司生產(chǎn)的PLC控制登機(jī)橋，與傳統(tǒng)的繼電器邏輯控制系統(tǒng)相比，登機(jī)橋的可靠性、節(jié)能性得到了提高。PLC控制不需要大量的活動部件和電子元器件，它的接線也大大減少，所以系統(tǒng)維修更加簡單，維修時間也相對縮短了。論文以羅克韋爾編程軟件為工具，采用了離線編程與現(xiàn)場調(diào)試相結(jié)合的方法，研究設(shè)計了旅客登機(jī)橋行走系統(tǒng)的PLC控制，其主要研究內(nèi)容包括以下四個方面：
（1）對旅客登機(jī)橋的背景、發(fā)展趨勢進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹，然后對登機(jī)橋的結(jié)構(gòu)功能及其控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的研究。
（2）在硬件方面對登機(jī)橋上使用的電氣元件進(jìn)行了介紹，完成了登機(jī)橋電氣控制柜的部分接線，并且進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的觸摸屏調(diào)試。
（3）在軟件方面對羅克韋爾編程軟件進(jìn)行了介紹。在系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)了羅克韋爾可編程控制器以及其它相關(guān)軟件之后，上登機(jī)橋進(jìn)行了大量的仿真調(diào)試。
（4）對登機(jī)橋行走系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行整體調(diào)試，對實(shí)驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析，提出了本文需要改進(jìn)的地方以及以后工作努力的方向。
關(guān)鍵詞：旅客登機(jī)橋，行走系統(tǒng)，PLC，控制


Research on the walking system of passenger boarding bridge
Abstract: Nowadays, most of the airports around the world have the trend towards the direction of large scale and centralized. Using shuttle buses can help passengers to board to some extent. But the shuttle buses are very inconvenient and unsafe, these are all the factors than have limited its development. Boarding bridge gradually become the primary way of boarding. Boarding bridge is a movable gallery at the airport for connecting the airport terminal to the aircraft. Passengers walk through the corresponding gate into the plane. Boarding bridge dose not only shorten the distance between the terminal and the plane, but keep passengers from the sun-scorched and rain-drenched. Boarding bridge has taken great convenience to the airport.
This design use the PLC which produced by the Rockwell Automation to control the boarding bridge. Comparing with the traditional relay logic control system, the reliability and energy saving ability of the boarding bridge are improved.PLC control doesn't need a lot of moving parts and electronic components, it also greatly reduces the wiring. As a result, the maintenance is much easier, and the system maintenance time is shortened.
This design by using ROCKWELL programming software as the tool, adopting the combination of off-line programming and debugging as the method, researched and designed the passenger boarding bridge walking system. The design includes the following four aspects:
（1）This paper introduces the background and the development situation of the boarding bridge. Then research on the structure and control system of the boarding bridge.
（2）In the terms of hardware, this design introduces the electrical components using in the boarding bridge, completes some parts of the boarding bridge’s electrical control cabinet connection, and carries on the HMI to debug.
（3）In the terms of software, it introduces the software of Rockwell. After the systematic study of Rockwell PLC and some other related software, we performed vast simulations and debugging.
（4）Finally, we debug the boarding bridge and analyze the result of debugging, then put out the areas in need of improvement and the direction of future work.
Keywords: passenger boarding bridge, walking system, PLC, control

目錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1旅客登機(jī)橋的發(fā)展背景 1
1.2國內(nèi)旅客登機(jī)橋的發(fā)展及研究狀況 3
1.3旅客登機(jī)橋的行走系統(tǒng) 5
1.4登機(jī)橋的電氣控制 8
第二章 旅客登機(jī)橋的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 11
2.1 旅客登機(jī)橋的結(jié)構(gòu) 11
2.2 登機(jī)橋的安全輔助裝置 14
2.3 液壓驅(qū)動系統(tǒng) 16
2.4旅客登機(jī)橋的性能 17
第三章 PLC控制登機(jī)橋的具體方案 20
3.1 系統(tǒng)控制方案的選定 20
3.2 羅克韋爾PLC的簡介 20
3.3 plc的設(shè)計步驟 25
第四章 旅客登機(jī)橋的電氣控制系統(tǒng) 27
4.1 登機(jī)橋的電氣控制原理框圖 27
4.2 登機(jī)橋電氣控制系統(tǒng)中的主要電氣部件 28
4.3 輪子滾動速度與轉(zhuǎn)動速度匹配的設(shè)計 33
4.4 減小加速度誤差的設(shè)計 35
4.5 正反向驅(qū)動的程序設(shè)計 37
第五章 旅客登機(jī)橋PLC控制的調(diào)試與安裝 39
5.1 電氣柜內(nèi)部接線 39
5.2 現(xiàn)場調(diào)試 40
結(jié)論 49
致謝 50
參考文獻(xiàn) 51