3D打印技術(shù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析與對(duì)策

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摘要 英國雜志《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》預(yù)測(cè)3D打印即將帶來第三次工業(yè)革命，人類將進(jìn)入3D打印時(shí)代。3D打印機(jī)一度被神化為“萬能復(fù)制機(jī)”。3D打印技術(shù)強(qiáng)大的“復(fù)制”功能結(jié)合網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息時(shí)代無可比擬的快速傳播能力對(duì)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的法律、從業(yè)者道德、人文意識(shí)都提出了極大的挑戰(zhàn)。然而，目前網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代方興未艾，信息技術(shù)正大行其道，信息化也逐漸滲透進(jìn)了社會(huì)的每個(gè)角落。本文結(jié)合信息化時(shí)代大背景，從信息知識(shí)的安全、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析的角度，首次運(yùn)用PEST風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析工具，以獨(dú)到的視角分析3D打印技術(shù)光鮮亮麗的背后暗藏的諸多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和弊端，著重闡述了在知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)道德管理和技術(shù)開拓創(chuàng)新等方面存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)形成的原因，并針對(duì)存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)從政策法律規(guī)范完善、市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)參與者和社會(huì)文化教育等方面進(jìn)行了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避的建議。

關(guān)鍵詞 信息化 3D打印 PEST 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析


Risk analysis and Countermeasures of 3D printing technology under the environment of information

Abstract The British magazine "economist" predicts that 3D printing will bring the third industrial revolution, and mankind will enter the era of the 3D printing. Besides,3D printer was deified as the "universal copying machine". The powerful “copy” function that 3D printing technology has, combining with the rapid spread ability in network information age which there is nothing comparable to, have raised great challenge in modern social legal, moral, cultural awareness of practitioners . However, at present ,the Internet age is ascendant, and information technology is popular, information technology has gradually seeped into every corner of society .In this paper, under the background of the information era, the article forms in the view of information security, from the aspect of risk analysis, and using the PEST risk analysis tools, analyzing the risks and drawbacks which hide behind the 3D printing technology bright presentation.And the article focused on the protection of intellectual property rights, economic and social development, social management and technical development in innovation and other aspects of the risk and the cause of risk formation, in the same time ,according to the existence of the risk,the writer gives the recommendations of risk aversion from the policy laws and regulations, perfect market economy participants and social culture and education and other aspects.

Key words information 3D printing PEST Risk analysis

目錄
第一章 概述 1
1.1 3D打印技術(shù)簡介 1
1.2 信息化環(huán)境下3D打印技術(shù)安全的研究背景及意義 1
1.3 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3.1國外風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究及3D打印技術(shù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3.2國內(nèi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究及3D打印技術(shù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 4
1.4 本文主要研究的內(nèi)容 5
第二章 理論介紹 6
2.1 信息化理論 6
2.2 信息安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估概念 6
2.3 3D打印技術(shù)理論 7
2.4 PEST風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析理論 8
第三章 信息化環(huán)境下3D打印技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀及存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析 9
3.1 信息化環(huán)境下3D打印技術(shù)的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用狀況 9
3.2 基于PEST分析信息化環(huán)境下3D打印技術(shù)存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 10
3.2.1 政策法律因素（politics）的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 10
3.2.2 經(jīng)濟(jì)因素（economic）的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 12
3.2.3 社會(huì)因素（society）的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 13
3.2.4 技術(shù)因素（technology）的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 14
第四章 信息化環(huán)境下3D打印技術(shù)存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對(duì)策分析 15
4.1 政府層面的政策性分析與建議 15
4.1.1 保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) 15
4.1.2 限制危險(xiǎn)物品的設(shè)計(jì)與制造 16
4.1.3 維護(hù)人類倫理規(guī)范 17
4.2 針對(duì)3D打印市場(chǎng)的分析與建議 17
4.2.1 應(yīng)加強(qiáng)科研工作者道德教育，提高其道德素質(zhì) 17
4.2.2 針對(duì)3D打印參與者的分析與建議 18
4.3 加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)意識(shí)的教育和宣傳 18
致謝 19
參考文獻(xiàn) 20