描述一個全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)可用性模型及其在發(fā)展要求使用(外文翻譯)

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一，引言
全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)（GNSS）的空中交通業(yè)務(wù)模型（GATOM）的開發(fā)，于美國聯(lián)邦航空管理局（原子吸收光譜法）努力發(fā)展了全面的導(dǎo)航和著陸系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)的支持。短期的GATOM設(shè)計目標包括以下內(nèi)容。
目標1：為了評估各項建議擴增作用，全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）[6，7空中交通用途]（例如，額外的衛(wèi)星，或如高度表或一慣性系統(tǒng)支持航空電子）。
目標2：要取得有意義的可用性要求的業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的洞察力。
作為實現(xiàn)這些目標的第一步，GATOM已用于全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)提供的空中交通的兩個具體應(yīng)用的初步研究：第一類方法和非精密進場; 這項工作提出了這些結(jié)果。另一項研究[8]用于在原子吸收光譜法，可能為使用所提出的全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)為基礎(chǔ)的考生提供分析GATOM計劃，在未來國家空域系統(tǒng)的精確的方法架構(gòu)。
第二節(jié)介紹了GATOM概述，由一節(jié)中的初步研究的假設(shè)三隨后簡要介紹。第四節(jié)提出的措詞平均可用性方面的分析結(jié)果（在與其他房間的模型進行的研究通常衡量）。第V節(jié)是與使用的平均價值的一些問題的討論; 這次討論還突出了GATOM旨在提供額外的可用性研究計劃業(yè)務(wù)洞察力的能力 ......


I. INTRODUCTION
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Air Traffic Operations Model (GATOM) was developed in support of Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAAs) effort to develop an overall navigation and landing system architecture. The short-term goals for which GATOM was designed include the following.
Goal 1: To evaluate the role of various proposed augmentations to Global Positioning System (GPS) [6, 7] for air traffic purposes (for example, extra satellites, or supporting avionics such as an altimeter or an inertial system).
Goal 2: To obtain operational insight for developing meaningful availability requirements.
As a first step toward these goals, GATOM has been used for a preliminary study of GNSS availability in two specific air traffic applications: Category I approach and non precision approach; this work presents these results. Another study [8] used GATOM for the availability analysis of the GNSS-based candidates proposed for possible use in the FAAs planned future precision-approach architecture for the National Airspace System.
Section II presents an overview of GATOM, followed by a brief summary in Section III of the assumptions for the preliminary study. Section IV presents the analytical results phrased in terms of average availability (the usual measure in studies conducted with other availability models). Section V is a discussion of some of the problems with the use of the average value; this discussion also highlights additional capabilities of GATOM designed to provide operational insight for planned availability studies ......