分離式軋輥拆卸裝置的研究與設(shè)計(jì)

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摘    要


軋輥是軋制機(jī)械的主要部件，在軋制過程中，由于坯料的冷熱及應(yīng)力等的影響，軋輥輥環(huán)常會(huì)產(chǎn)生變形、磨損、裂紋等，這會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。因此，在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過程中，輥環(huán)需要及時(shí)更換。

目前，大型軋輥輥環(huán)的拆裝主要靠人工來實(shí)現(xiàn)，具有不少缺點(diǎn)：一、由于軋輥及輥環(huán)的質(zhì)量較大，拆裝起來十分不便，工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，工作效率低。二、安全可靠性存在隱患。綜合以上因素及市場需求，本文創(chuàng)造性的進(jìn)行了分離式軋輥裝置的研究與設(shè)計(jì)。

本文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下：

整套裝置的總體研究與設(shè)計(jì)；

輥軸的定位夾緊設(shè)計(jì)；

輥環(huán)的夾緊和送進(jìn)裝置設(shè)計(jì)；

導(dǎo)軌及支架設(shè)計(jì)；

液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)；

電氣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。

經(jīng)過本文的設(shè)計(jì)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)輥環(huán)的半自動(dòng)化安裝，有效的減輕了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，提高了工作效率，具有很高的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用性。




關(guān)鍵詞：分離式軋輥，拆卸裝置，液壓，夾具，PLC


 


ABSTRACT


Roll rolling machinery is the main component in the rolling process, because of the hot and cold and blank, such as the impact of stress, often Roll Central will have deformation, wear, cracks, etc., which would seriously affect product quality. Therefore, the actual production process, the need for the timely replacement of Central roll.

At present, the major part of the Roll mainly depend on manual removal to achieve, with many shortcomings: First, the weight of roll and roll ring is too heavy to take down and install, it is most inconvenient for workers, what’s more, it make the strength of workers’ labour intensity increases, and it reduce work efficiency. Second, the  reliability of   safety may be existence of hidden danger.Taking all these factors and market demand, the essay is creative on the separate roll device’s research and design.

The main study as follows:

     The overall package unit Research and Design;

     Roll axis positioning clamp design;

     Roll into Central and clamping device design;

     Guides and stent design;

     Hydraulic system design;

     Electrical control system design.




Key words: separate roll, demolition devices, hydraulic, fixture, PLC

 


目    錄


中文摘要 Ⅰ

ABSTRACT Ⅱ

1緒論 1

  1.1引言 1

  1.2設(shè)計(jì)要求 1

    1.2.1裝置設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)滿足的條件 1

1.2.2總體設(shè)計(jì)要求 2

1.3總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 2

 2輥軸及輥環(huán)的定位夾緊設(shè)計(jì) 4

 2.1夾具設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求 4

 2.1.1定位支撐系統(tǒng) 4

 2.1.2夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) 3

 2.2輥芯夾具設(shè)計(jì) 5

 2.3輥環(huán)夾具設(shè)計(jì) 6

 2.4夾具使用注意事項(xiàng)、保養(yǎng)及維護(hù) 6

 3 液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 7

 3.1液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)步驟與設(shè)計(jì)要求 7

 3.1.1 設(shè)計(jì)步驟 7

 3.2液壓回路Ⅰ的設(shè)計(jì) 8

 3.2.1基本參數(shù)及要求 8

 3.2.2回路Ⅰ的原理圖 8

 3.2.3液壓缸的選擇 9

 3.2.4活塞桿直徑的計(jì)算 9

 3.2.5液壓元件選擇 8

 3.3液壓回路的設(shè)計(jì) 10

 3.3.1基本參數(shù)及要求 11

 3.3.2回路Ⅱ的原理圖 11

 3.3.3液壓缸的選擇 12

 3.3.4活塞桿直徑的計(jì)算 12

 3.3.5液壓元件選擇 12

 4導(dǎo)軌設(shè)計(jì) 13

 4.1 導(dǎo)軌設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求 13

 4.2滑動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌 14

 4.2.1導(dǎo)軌材料的選擇 14

 4.2.2導(dǎo)軌的截面形狀 14

 4.2.3導(dǎo)軌的潤滑與保護(hù) 14

 5電器控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 16

 5.1 PLC的特點(diǎn) 16

 5.2液壓系統(tǒng)原理說明 17

 5.3程序設(shè)計(jì) 19

參考文獻(xiàn) 21

致謝 22