摘 要
交通在人們的日常生活中占有重要的地位，隨著人們社會(huì)活動(dòng)的日益頻繁，這點(diǎn)更是體現(xiàn)的淋漓盡致。交通信號(hào)燈的出現(xiàn)，使交通得以有效管制，對(duì)于疏導(dǎo)交通流量、提高道路通行能力，減少交通事故有明顯效果。近年來隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展，單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用正在不斷深入，同時(shí)帶動(dòng)傳統(tǒng)控制檢測技術(shù)日益更新。在實(shí)時(shí)檢測和自動(dòng)控制的單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)中，單片機(jī)往往作為一個(gè)核心部件來使用，僅單片機(jī)方面知識(shí)是不夠的，還應(yīng)根據(jù)具體硬件結(jié)構(gòu)軟硬件結(jié)合，加以完善。
本系統(tǒng)采用單片機(jī)AT89C51為中心器件來設(shè)計(jì)交通燈控制器，系統(tǒng)實(shí)用性強(qiáng)、操作簡單、擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng)。本設(shè)計(jì)就是采用單片機(jī)模擬十字路口交通燈的各種狀態(tài)顯示以及倒計(jì)時(shí)時(shí)間。
本設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)由單片機(jī)I/O口擴(kuò)展系統(tǒng)、交通燈狀態(tài)顯示系統(tǒng)、LED數(shù)碼顯示系統(tǒng)、復(fù)位電路等幾大部分組成。系統(tǒng)除基本的交通燈功能外，還具有倒計(jì)時(shí)等功能，較好的模擬實(shí)現(xiàn)了十字路口可腀@魷值淖純觥?br>軟件上采用C51編程，主要編寫了主程序，LED數(shù)碼管顯示程序，中斷程序延時(shí)程序等。經(jīng)過整機(jī)調(diào)試，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)十字路口交通燈的模擬。
關(guān)鍵字：電子線路 AT89C51 LED 交通燈


ABSTRACT
Traffic in People's Daily life has important position, as people social activities have become increasingly frequent, this also reflect incisively and vividly. Traffic lights appear, make traffic to effectively control for relieves traffic flow, improve traffic capacity, reduce the number of traffic accidents have obvious effect. In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the application of SCM is unceasingly thorough, it causes the traditional control test technology increasingly updates. In real-time detection and automatic control of single-chip microcomputer application system, often as a core component to use, only microcontroller aspects knowledge is not enough, should according to specific hardware structure, software and hardware combined with perfect.
The system adopts single-chip microcomputer AT89C51 as the center device to designing traffic light controller, system strong practicality, simple operation, extensible. This design is one-chip computer simulation intersection traffic lights of various states display and countdown time.
This design by single-chip microcomputer system I/O mouth extended system, traffic status display system, LED digital display system and reset circuit and several other major components. System besides basic traffic lights function outside, still have the countdown, and other functions, good simulation crossroads possible conditions.
Software is used on C51 programming, mainly prepared the main program, LED digital display, interrupt routine procedures tube delay procedures, etc. After the machine commissioning, realize the intersection traffic simulation.
Key word: electronic circuit AT89C51 LED to the traffic lights










目錄
摘 要 2
第二章 緒論 5
1.1 引言 5
1.2 交通燈研究的背景和意義 5
1.3 課題設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)及要求 6
第二章 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 7
2.1設(shè)計(jì)思路 7
2.1.1設(shè)計(jì)目的 7
2.1.2設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)和內(nèi)容 7
2.1.3方案比較、設(shè)計(jì)與論證 7
2.2單片機(jī)及軟件介紹 9
第三章 課題相關(guān)技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展 13
3.1 單片機(jī)的發(fā)展史 13
3.2 單片機(jī)的發(fā)展前景 13
3.3 AT89C51處理器主要性能特點(diǎn) 14
3.3.1 AT89C51單片機(jī)接口資源 15
3.3.2 引腳排列 15
3.4 AT89C51中斷系統(tǒng)與定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器 18
3.4.１中斷系統(tǒng) 18
3.4.2中斷基本概念 18
3.5倒計(jì)時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)功能 19
3.6 定時(shí)器初始化的主要步驟 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．19
3.6.1定時(shí)器初值設(shè)定方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．19
第四章 交通燈系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 20
4.1交通燈系統(tǒng)的硬件組成部分 20
4.2數(shù)碼管顯示模塊 20
4.2.1 LED顯示器的結(jié)構(gòu) 21
4.2.2 LED交通燈顯示模塊 22
第五章 交通燈系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 23
5.1系統(tǒng)軟件的概述 23
5.2 主程序 23
5.3 LED數(shù)碼管顯示模塊 24
5.4 晶振源 25
第六章 交通燈系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試 23
6.1 使用keil C51進(jìn)行調(diào)試 25
6.2 交通燈系統(tǒng)的仿真 26
結(jié)束語 28
致謝 29
參考文獻(xiàn) 30
附錄 31
程序清單 31
總體硬件電路圖 35