目 錄

摘要..........................................................................3
ABSTRACT .....................................................................3
1. 緒論.......................................................................4
1.1迷宮小車的作用與意義...................................................4
1.2迷宮小車的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀.....................................................4
2. 設(shè)計任務(wù)及要求............................................................4
2.1 設(shè)計任務(wù)..........................................................4
2.2 技術(shù)基本要求......................................................5
3. 系統(tǒng)方案的論證.............................................................5
3.1單片機控制模塊.........................................................5
3.2電機控制模塊...........................................................5
3.3光電監(jiān)測模塊...........................................................6
3.4顯示模塊...............................................................6
4. 總體設(shè)計方案 ..............................................................7
4.1系統(tǒng)模塊...............................................................7
4.2系統(tǒng)方案 ..............................................................7
5. 硬件電路設(shè)計...............................................................7
5.1電動機驅(qū)動模塊的電路設(shè)計與實現(xiàn).........................................7
5.2單片機控制模塊的電路設(shè)計與實現(xiàn).........................................8
6. 系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計.............................................................8
6.1程序流程框圖..........................................................10
6.2光電檢測程序..........................................................10
6.3電機轉(zhuǎn)動程序..........................................................12
6.3.1電機前進程序....................................................12
6.3.2電機后退程序....................................................12
6.3.3電機左轉(zhuǎn)程序....................................................12
6.3.4電機右轉(zhuǎn)程序....................................................12
6.3.5電機停止程序....................................................12
6.4顯示程序..............................................................13
7. 系統(tǒng)測試與分析............................................................13
7.1測試工具..............................................................13
7.2測試結(jié)果..............................................................14
參考文獻.....................................................................15
附錄.........................................................................16
致謝.........................................................................22

迷宮小車系統(tǒng)設(shè)計

摘要：設(shè)計了一個基于單片機控制的迷宮小車系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用AT89S52單片機為主控制核心，實現(xiàn)信號采集，路線判斷，行駛總時間的顯示，以控制小車的運動；利用光電開關(guān)感應(yīng)墻體的存在，結(jié)合L298N芯片驅(qū)動減速電機運轉(zhuǎn)，從而實現(xiàn)小車走迷宮。
該系統(tǒng)有單片機控制模塊和光電監(jiān)測模塊兩個主要功能模塊。單片機控制模塊主要利用單片機接受到光電開關(guān)輸出的高低電平后再輸出信號去控制小車的運動；光電監(jiān)測模塊則利用光電傳感器對墻體的感應(yīng)，然后輸出相應(yīng)的高低電平并傳送給單片機。這樣就可以實時監(jiān)測小車在迷宮中所處的位置，并進行相應(yīng)的運動，最終經(jīng)判斷讓小車停止在迷宮出口指定的位置上。
關(guān)鍵詞：單片機；電機驅(qū)動；光電開關(guān)

The System Design of Maze Trolley System

Yi Yinxue
School of Physics and Electronic Information, Grade 2006, Instructor:LaiChunhong

Abstract：Microcontroller AT89S52 is used to this maze trolley system to achieve signal acquisition ,line judge and the display of the driving total time.The principle of this system is that use photoelectric sensors which senses the presence of wall combined with the L298N chip to drive the DC Motor，achieve the purpose of making the trolley move and locate, Then achieve the goal that trolley move in the maze!
This system composed of modules such as SCM Control Module，Photoelectricity Monitoring Module,and so on.The SCM Control Module uses the SCM to output singnal after receiving the high-low output of photoelectric switches in order to control the move of trolley. Then the Photoelectricity Monitoring Module uses photoelectric sensors to judge the presence of wall ,then output corresponding high-low voltage to transmit to the microcontroller .This allows real-time monitoring of car position in the maze, and the corresponding movement,at last achieve the goal of making the trolley stop at the specified location.
Key word: microcontroller; motor drive; photoelectric switch

1. 緒論
1.1迷宮小車的作用與意義
進入21世紀,伴隨著電子、信息技術(shù)的應(yīng)用與迅速普及，人們對電子技術(shù)的要求越來越高。迷宮小車的出現(xiàn)對今后更好地用機器來代替人的工作墊定更扎實的基礎(chǔ)。經(jīng)過完善后的迷宮小車可以廣泛用于搶險，救災(zāi)，有害氣體中毒的搶救等。隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展智能迷宮機器人將替代小車工作，在危險場合迷宮機器人起著不可替..