摘 要

本文主要研究離心鑄造模具設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)值模擬以及模具優(yōu)化。對成形工藝設(shè)備和盤狀件的成形工藝方法進(jìn)行研究，運(yùn)用三維建模軟件建立盤狀零件三維模型，然后根據(jù)零件設(shè)計(jì)出相關(guān)模具，而后運(yùn)用對成形過程的溫度場、充型特征進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬的研究，為成形零件的模具設(shè)計(jì)作指導(dǎo)，進(jìn)而對模具進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。
本次設(shè)計(jì)模具的零件是一種在徑向上材料產(chǎn)生梯度分布的剎車盤，通過對各種鑄造方法進(jìn)行比較，最終方法確定為離心鑄造。因?yàn)殡x心鑄造具有比其它鑄造方法生產(chǎn)功能梯度材料零件無法比擬的優(yōu)勢。
根據(jù)環(huán)狀零件的結(jié)構(gòu)特征和離心鑄造成形的工藝特征，運(yùn)用UG三維建模軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)了環(huán)狀零件成形模具的設(shè)計(jì)； 運(yùn)用Procast數(shù)值模擬軟件對成形過程的溫度場分布進(jìn)行了研究，結(jié)果表明環(huán)狀零件從外徑到鑄件心部的溫度實(shí)現(xiàn)梯度逐漸變化，鑄件實(shí)現(xiàn)了順序凝固；對三種不同模具溫度的鑄件凝固過程的溫度變化進(jìn)行了研究，結(jié)果表明溫度越高鑄件凝固所需時(shí)間越長；運(yùn)用先進(jìn)CAD/CAE模具先進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)，初步實(shí)現(xiàn)了成形環(huán)狀零件的模具設(shè)計(jì)，達(dá)到了預(yù)期要求。


關(guān)鍵詞：梯度分布，盤狀件，離心鑄造，數(shù)值模擬












ABSTRACT

This paper mainly researches mould design of centrifugal casting， numerical simulation and mould optimization. Researching attachment for formation process and disc-like parts’ technique ， 3D model building is used to build disc-like parts’ 3D model， and then design the coherent model according to the part ，then the temperature field and the feature of filling up the cavity are used to research the numerical simulation ，in order to guide the model design of the part ，then optimize the model.
The part of this model design is a braking discoid which material generate graded distribution in radial. Comparing with many casting method ，the method is determined to centrifugal casting .Because the centrifugal casting has many advantages that other casting methods can’t compare.
According to the structure of the ring-like parts and the process feature of centrifugal casting foring, three-dimensional model building software UG is used to design the forming model of ring-like parts; the numerical simulation software Procast is used to research the distribution of forming process’ temperature field,the result indicates that the temperature of ring-like parts generate graded distribution from outside diameter to the core of the cast and the cast realizes progressive solidification ;the change of the cast freezing process’ temperature under three different model temperatures is researched , the result indicates that the temperature higher ,the cast freezing’s time the more;the model advanced technology CAD/CAE is used to realize the design of the ring-like parts’ froming model and reaches the expected requirements.


Keyword: Graded distribution， disc-like parts， centrifugal casting， numerical simulation


目 錄

摘 要 ……………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ
ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………….Ⅱ
1 緒論 …………………………………………………………………….1
1.1 引言 …………………………………………………………………...1
1.2 離心鑄造及功能梯度材料概述…………………………………………………………….2
1.2.1 離心鑄造……………………………………………………………………………….2
1.2.2 功能梯度材料………………………………………………………………………….2
1.2.3 功能梯度材料的制備方法…………………………………………………………….3
1.3 數(shù)值模擬……………………………………………………………………………………...4
1.4 課題的研究目的及意義……………………………………………………………………...5
1.4.1 課題的研究目的…………………………………………………………………...…..5
1.4.2 課題的研究意義……………………………………………………………………….5
1.5 課題的研究任務(wù)…………………………………………………………………………..…..5
2 模具設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………………………………..6
2.1 工藝及模具結(jié)構(gòu)初步分析…………………………………………………………………...6
2.1.1 零件成形工藝性分析………………………………………………………………….6
2.1.2 確定澆注位置和分型面……………………………………………………………….7
2.1.3 確定鑄造工藝參數(shù)…………………………………………………………………….7
2.1.4 澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………………….9
2.2 模具設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………………………….....15
2.2.1 鑄件型腔的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………………...15
2.2.2 模具型腔設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………………...16
2.2.3 模具外部結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………………...17
2.3 三維實(shí)體建立……………………………………………………………………………….19
3 數(shù)值模擬……………………………………………………………………………………….20
3.1 模擬過程前處理………………………………………………………………………...20
3.2 數(shù)值模擬預(yù)處理?xiàng)l件設(shè)置……………………………………………………………...22

4 結(jié)論……………………………………..