摘要

銑削動(dòng)力頭是機(jī)床加工的重要部件，銑削頭由銑削主軸和動(dòng)力機(jī)構(gòu)兩部件組成。銑削頭可以配置兩種傳動(dòng)裝置，即齒輪裝置和皮帶裝置，在此設(shè)計(jì)中，為了減少整個(gè)銑削頭的重量和簡(jiǎn)化結(jié)構(gòu)采用齒輪傳動(dòng)，由于銑削是不連續(xù)的，而且在一定的銑削寬度上同時(shí)銑削的刀齒是變化的，因而會(huì)引起震動(dòng)，這是銑削的最大特點(diǎn)，因此，在銑削頭的結(jié)構(gòu)上，必須使主軸和主軸箱等具有足夠的強(qiáng)度，并要求適當(dāng)提高傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn)性，主軸部件結(jié)構(gòu)直接影響銑削頭的精度，剛度以及熱變性。這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)主要論述了關(guān)于銑削動(dòng)力頭的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程，包括方案論述、電機(jī)選擇、參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)、傳動(dòng)方案的選取、材料選擇、液壓滑臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算等內(nèi)容。設(shè)計(jì)以動(dòng)力頭的轉(zhuǎn)速和進(jìn)給速度作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的機(jī)床動(dòng)力頭和零件進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的，使設(shè)計(jì)的銑削動(dòng)力頭盡量達(dá)到實(shí)用化，合理化。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求，主銑削頭速度可調(diào)，由于設(shè)計(jì)中齒輪是一級(jí)齒輪，考慮到傳遞的扭矩和功率較小，所以采用變速三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)，用變速三項(xiàng)異步電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)。切削進(jìn)給采用液壓滑臺(tái)，滑臺(tái)軌道采用直線(xiàn)性軌道，使整個(gè)銑削頭在水平方向上沿導(dǎo)軌運(yùn)動(dòng)。從而完成銑削加工 。


關(guān)鍵詞：銑削頭，液壓滑臺(tái)，電動(dòng)機(jī)，主軸
















ABSTRACT

Milling head is the important parts of milling machine processing, milling head composed of two parts by milling spindle and dynamic institution. Milling head can configure the two drives installation, the devices is gear and belt devices, in this design, in order to reduce the weight of the milling head and a drive to simplify the structure used gear, so the milling is not continuous, but in some milling , milling tooth is changing on the width of the knife at the same time, which will cause shock. That is the biggest characteristic of milling. Therefore, the structure of the milling head must improve spindle and spindle box have sufficient strength, requested to increase the smooth transmission of the transmission system , structural components of spindle direct influence on the accuracy of the milling head , stiffness and thermal denaturation. This design main discuss on the milling head of the design process, Including on the expositions of programme, motor selection, design parameters of spindle, the drive for selection, choice of material, hydraulic slider calculation of the design elements. According to the speed and power head feed rate as a standard designed，combine the existing power head of machine tools and parts for the first dynamic design, the design of the first milling head s far as possible to practical use and rationalize. According to the design requirements, the main milling head adjustable rate, due to the design of gear is stair gear, taking into account the torque and power transmission smaller, so use a three-phase asynchronous motor speed, with three speed asynchronous motor drive. Cutting feed use of hydraulic slipway, guides use of a linear track, so that the whole milling head in the direction of movement along the guides. Thus completing milling.


Keywords：Milling head，Hydraulic slipway，Motor，Spindle




目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 銑削動(dòng)力頭的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2本設(shè)計(jì)的目的和意義 2
2 總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 3
2.1動(dòng)力機(jī)方案設(shè)計(jì) 3
2.2傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)方案設(shè)計(jì) 3
2.3主軸方案設(shè)計(jì) 3
2.4滑臺(tái)機(jī)構(gòu)方案設(shè)計(jì) 3
2.4.1滑臺(tái)機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)類(lèi)型的選擇 3
2.4.2液壓缸的方案設(shè)計(jì) 4
3電動(dòng)機(jī)的分類(lèi)與選擇 5
3.1電動(dòng)機(jī)分類(lèi) 5
3.2電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 8
4主軸設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 9
4.1傳動(dòng)齒輪的計(jì)算 9
4.1.1確定傳動(dòng)比 9
4.1.2傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)及參數(shù)計(jì)算 9
4.1.3主軸的計(jì)算 11
4.2主軸部件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 12
4.3主軸部件要求 13
4.4主軸的布局 15
5動(dòng)力滑臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì) 16
5.1滑臺(tái)傳動(dòng)方式的比較和選取 16
5.2滑臺(tái)體參數(shù)確定 17
5.2.1液壓滑臺(tái)主要技術(shù)性能的確定 17
5.2.2滑臺(tái)液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 17
5.3液壓滑臺(tái)工作循環(huán) 20
5.4液壓滑臺(tái)的結(jié)構(gòu) 22
5.5液壓滑臺(tái)的導(dǎo)軌設(shè)計(jì) 23
5.5.1導(dǎo)軌的作用和要求 23
5.5.2導(dǎo)軌的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 23
5.5.3選擇材料選擇 25
總結(jié) 26
參考文獻(xiàn) 27