基于TL494的DC-DC開關(guān)電源設(shè)計

摘 要

隨著電子技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,電子系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域越來越廣泛,電子設(shè)備的種類也越來越多,電子設(shè)備與人們的工作、生活的關(guān)系日益密切。近年來 ,隨著功率電子器件(如IGBT、MOSFET)、PWM技術(shù)及開關(guān)電源理論的發(fā)展 ,新一代的電源開始逐步取代傳統(tǒng)的電源電路。該電路具有體積小，控制方便靈活，輸出特性好、紋波小、負載調(diào)整率高等特點。 
開關(guān)電源中的功率調(diào)整管工作在開關(guān)狀態(tài)，具有功耗小、效率高、穩(wěn)壓范圍寬、溫升低、體積小等突出優(yōu)點，在通信設(shè)備、數(shù)控裝置、儀器儀表、視頻音響、家用電器等電子電路中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。開關(guān)電源的高頻變換電路形式很多, 常用的變換電路有推挽、全橋、半橋、單端正激和單端反激等形式。本論文采用雙端驅(qū)動集成電路——TL494輸?shù)腜WM脈沖控制器設(shè)計小汽車中的音響供電電源，利用MOSFET管作為開關(guān)管，可以提高電源變壓器的工作效率，有利于抑制脈沖干擾，同時還可以減小電源變壓器的體積。

關(guān)鍵詞：IGBT，PWM，推挽電路，半橋電路，單端正激

 
 
BASED ON THE DC-DC TL494 SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of electronic technology, electronic systems, more and more extensive applications, the types of electronic equipment, more and more electronic equipment and people work and live closer and closer. In recent years, with the power electronic devices (such as IGBT, MOSFET), PWM switching power supply technology and development of the theory, a new generation of power began to gradually replace the traditional power supply circuits. The circuit is small, flexible to control the output characteristics of a good, ripple, load adjustment rate and so on.
Switching power supply in the power adjustment control work in the off state, with low power consumption, high efficiency, wide voltage range, low temperature rise, and other outstanding advantages of small size, the communication equipment, CNC equipment, Instrumentation, video audio, home appliances so widely used in electronic circuits. High frequency converter switching power supply so many forms of commonly used with push-pull converter, full bridge, half bridge, single-ended forward and the form of single-ended flyback. In this thesis, two-side driver IC - TL494 PWM pulse output of the controller design car audio power supply in use as a switch MOSFET, can improve the efficiency of the power transformer, is conducive to impulse noise suppression, but also can reduce the size of the power transformer.

KEY WORDS:  IGBT，MOSFET，Push-pull circuit，Half bridge circuit, Single-ended forward
目　錄

前　言 1
第1章 開關(guān)電源基礎(chǔ)技術(shù) 2
1.1 開關(guān)電源概述 2
1.1.1 開關(guān)電源的工作原理 2
1.1.2 開關(guān)電源的組成 3
1.1.3 開關(guān)電源的特點 3
1.2 開關(guān)電源的分類 4
1.3 電源電路組成 4
1.4開關(guān)電源典型結(jié)構(gòu) 6
1.4.1串聯(lián)開關(guān)電源結(jié)構(gòu) 6
1.4.2并聯(lián)開關(guān)電源結(jié)構(gòu) 6
1.5 電力場效應(yīng)晶體管MOSFET 7
1.6 開關(guān)電源的技術(shù)指標 9
第2章 開關(guān)變換電路 12
2.1 推挽開關(guān)變換電路 12
2.1.1 推挽開關(guān)變換基本電路 12
2.1.2 自激推挽式變換器 13
2.2 半橋變換電路 16
2.3 正激變換電路 17
2.4 DC/DC升壓模塊設(shè)計 18
第3章 雙端驅(qū)動集成電路TL494 21
3.1 TL494簡介 21
3.2 TL494的工作原理 22
3.3 TL494內(nèi)部電路 22
3.31 TL494管腳功能及參數(shù) 24
3.4 TL494構(gòu)成的PWM控制器電路 25
第4章 TL494 在汽車音響供電電源中的應(yīng)用 27
4.1 汽車音響電源簡述 27
4.2 汽車音響供電電源的組成 29
4.2.1 TL494的輔助電路設(shè)計 29
4.2.2 主電路的設(shè)計 31
結(jié) 論 32
參考文獻 33
致 謝 34
附 錄 35
外文資料翻譯 36