摘 要

近年來, 煉鐵技術(shù)迅猛發(fā)展, 總的發(fā)展趨勢是建立精料基礎(chǔ), 擴(kuò)大高爐容積, 減少高爐數(shù)目, 延長高爐壽命, 提高生產(chǎn)效率,控制環(huán)境污染, 持續(xù)穩(wěn)定地生產(chǎn)廉價優(yōu)質(zhì)生鐵, 增加鋼鐵工業(yè)的競爭力?，F(xiàn)代高爐的冶煉特征是, 低渣量, 大噴煤, 低焦比, 高利用系數(shù)；高爐結(jié)構(gòu)的特征是,采用軟水冷卻、全冷卻壁、薄壁爐襯、操作爐型的薄壁高爐。高爐采用大噴煤、高利用系數(shù)冶煉, 要求改善高爐的料柱透氣性和延長高爐壽命高爐精料、布料、耐火材料、冷卻等技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,不斷促進(jìn)長壽的薄壁高爐發(fā)展。
高爐的爐型隨著高爐精料性能、冶煉工藝、高爐容積、爐襯結(jié)構(gòu)、冷卻形式的發(fā)展而演變, 高爐設(shè)計(jì)的理念也隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐的進(jìn)展而更新。
薄壁高爐的設(shè)計(jì)爐型就是高爐的操作爐型, 在生產(chǎn)中幾乎始終保持穩(wěn)定, 消除了畸形爐型。長期穩(wěn)定而平滑的爐型, 有利于高爐生產(chǎn)的穩(wěn)定和高效長壽。高爐操作爐型的顯著特征是, 爐腰直徑擴(kuò)大, 高徑比減小, 爐腹有、爐身角縮小。這種爐型發(fā)展趨勢是煉鐵技術(shù)進(jìn)步的反, 它有利于改善高爐料柱透氣性, 穩(wěn)定爐料和煤氣流的合理分布, 延長高爐壽命, 對大型高爐采用大噴煤、低焦比、高利用系數(shù)冶煉更有意義。
關(guān)鍵詞：高爐 爐型 磚壁合一 設(shè)計(jì)












ABSTRACT

In recent years, the rapid development of iron technology, the overall trend is expected to establish a fine basis for the expansion of blast furnace capacity, reduce the number of blast furnace, blast furnace to extend life, increase productivity, control of environmental pollution, continuous and stable production of low-cost high-quality pig iron, iron and steel industry increased competitiveness. Characteristics of a modern blast furnace smelting, the low amount of slag, the pulverized coal injection and low coke rate, high utilization factor; blast furnace structure is characterized by the use of soft water cooling, cooling the whole wall, thin lining, the thin-walled blast furnace operation. Large blast furnace pulverized coal injection, high utilization factor smelting, blast furnace to improve permeability of the material column and extend the life of blast furnace blast furnace feed, cloth, refractories, cooling and other technological advances, and constantly promote the development of long thin-walled blast furnace.
With the furnace blast furnace blast furnace feed performance, smelting process, blast furnace capacity, lining structure, cooling the evolution of forms of development, blast furnace design concepts with the scientific and technological progress and production and update the progress of practice.
Thin-wall design of blast furnace is the blast furnace operation, almost always in production remained stable, the elimination of the deformity furnace. Long-term, stable and smooth furnace, blast furnace production is conducive to the stability and efficiency and longevity. Blast furnace operation of the salient features is that the furnace to expand the waist diameter, height-diameter ratio decreases, there is belly stove, heater body narrow angle. This trend is the development of iron-smelting furnace technology anti-, it will help to improve the blast-furnace column permeability, stability, and charge a reasonable distribution of the gas flow to extend the life of a blast furnace, blast furnace of large large coal, low coke ratio, high utilization factor is more meaningful smelting.
Keywords:Furnace Blast；Furnace ；One brick wall ；Design


目 錄
中文摘要·…………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要·…………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
1 緒 論 1
1.1磚壁合一薄壁高爐爐型的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2磚壁合一薄壁高爐爐型的應(yīng)用 2
2 高爐能量利用計(jì)算 3
2.1高爐能量利用指標(biāo)與分析方法 4
2.2直接還原度選擇 5
2.3配料計(jì)算 6
2.4物料平衡 11
2.5 熱平衡 15
3 高爐爐型設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.1 爐型設(shè)計(jì)要求 21
3.2 爐型設(shè)計(jì)方法 22
3.3爐型設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 22
4 高爐爐體結(jié)構(gòu) 25
4.1 高爐爐襯結(jié)構(gòu) 25
4.2高爐內(nèi)型結(jié)構(gòu) 26
4.3 爐體冷卻 28
4.4 爐體鋼結(jié)構(gòu) 29
4.5風(fēng)口、渣口及鐵口設(shè)計(jì) 29
5磚壁合一的薄壁爐襯設(shè)計(jì) 30
5.1磚壁合一的薄壁爐襯結(jié)構(gòu)的布置形式 30
5.2磚壁合一的薄壁爐襯高爐的內(nèi)型 31
5.3磚壁合一的薄壁爐襯高爐的內(nèi)襯 31
5.4薄壁高爐的爐襯結(jié)構(gòu)和冷卻形式 32
6結(jié)束語 33
參考文獻(xiàn) 34