簡論鄭和下西洋時的航海技術

[摘要] 鄭和是在15世紀中外航海史上最偉大的，也是世界航海史上杰出的先驅。1405年至1433年的28年間，鄭和率領當時世界上最龐大的遠洋船隊，運用當時最先進的航海技術，先后七下西洋，其規(guī)?？涨敖^后，航跡遍及西太平洋、北印度洋的廣大亞非海域，在東非與東亞之間建立起一個由60條遠洋航線組成的多點交叉型的綜合性航線網(wǎng)絡。這不僅是中華民族航海史上的偉大創(chuàng)舉，也是世界航海史上的偉大創(chuàng)舉；不僅充分體現(xiàn)了中國當時雄厚的經(jīng)濟實力和先進的航海技術，而且有力證明了中華民族在歷史上與鄰為善、世界大同、共享太平的社會意識。

[關鍵詞] 鄭和下西洋    航海技術    遠洋航行    影響和意義
The navigational technology during Zhenghe’s ocean navigation

[Abstract]  Zhenghe is the greatest navigator in history of the world at 15th century. He also is the great pioneer of the World Maritime History. 1405—1433, Zhenghe led by the world's largest ocean-going fleet and the best navigational technology at that time to go to Western ocean 7 times. That scope is unique.Navigation path spreads the West Pacific Ocean, north Indian Ocean's general Asia and Africa sea area. He establishes a comprehensive route network between East Africa and East Asia which is composed of 60 lane-routes. Not only is this great pioneering work in the Chinese nation navigation history, but also is great pioneering work in the world navigation history. Not only has manifested China fully at that time the abundant economic potentiality and the advanced navigation technology, moreover the strong evidence Chinese nation have devoted in the history in carries on the good neighborliness and friendliness with various countries' people.

[Key words]  Zhenghe navigation    Navigational technology    Ocean navigate    Impact and significance

目錄

引言 1
第1章 鄭和下西洋的歷史背景和動因 2
1.1宣揚國威 2
1.2睦鄰外交 2
1.3拓展貿(mào)易 3
1.4尋找惠帝 3
第2章 鄭和下西洋時期航海技術的運用與發(fā)展 4
2.1鄭和下西洋的航海技術的發(fā)展狀況 4
2.2船隊的編制 5
2.2.1船隊的種類與編制 5
2.2.2船隊隊形 6
2.3船隊應用的航海技術 7
2.3.1組織指揮與通信聯(lián)絡 8
2.3.2《鄭和航海圖》 9
2.4航行和定位方法 13
2.4.1航向與方位測定 13
2.4.2風流壓差的修正 13
2.4.3船舶定位的方法 14
2.5導航方法 15
第3章 鄭和七下西洋的歷程與航路 18
結論 21
致謝語 22
參考文獻 23