畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（論文）中文摘要

環(huán)境監(jiān)測是一類無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的典型應(yīng)用。利用該傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，研究人員可以對感興趣的區(qū)域進(jìn)行不間斷的高精度數(shù)據(jù)搜集。本文通過分析無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境溫度采集系統(tǒng)的用戶需求和系統(tǒng)需求，確定了系統(tǒng)的軟/硬件平臺——TinyOS與Telosb，并利用Altium Designer設(shè)計(jì)了硬件系統(tǒng)中的MSP430中心控制器模塊、CC2420無線通訊模塊和FT232USB轉(zhuǎn)串口通訊模塊等幾個關(guān)鍵部分。在分析了幾類溫度電壓采集系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，利用nesC語言編寫下位機(jī)軟件，實(shí)現(xiàn)了無線自組網(wǎng)的構(gòu)建和無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)溫度電壓數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，并且通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的有效性和可行性。最后，通過上位機(jī)軟件與基站節(jié)點(diǎn)的通訊，完成了對采集到的環(huán)境參數(shù)值進(jìn)行實(shí)時顯示的功能，并且能夠?qū)δ康墓?jié)點(diǎn)的采樣頻率進(jìn)行手動調(diào)節(jié)。整個系統(tǒng)操作方便，擴(kuò)展性好，具有很高的應(yīng)用參考價值。

關(guān)鍵詞  無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，TinyOS，溫度，電量，Telosb

 
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（論文）外文摘要

Title Wireless Sensor Network for environmental monitoring

Abstract
Currently Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is thought as one of the hottest research areas, and one of its typical applications is environmental monitoring. With the help of WSN，researchers can collect the highly accurate data of certain field. Firstly, the dissertation analyses the requirement of users and system, and determines TinyOS and Telosb as the software and hardware platform of this system. Then, some important parts of Telosb are designed with Altium Designer. Compared with some other kinds of sensor system for temperature and voltage monitoring, programme which is based on nesC, is made to achieve the organization of topology network and the function of the whole system, including definition of data format, module of radio and serial transceiver, etc. Finally, through PC software, researchers can get the real-time data and send command to adjust the frequency of the node they want.

Keywords  WSN TinyOS temperature voltage Telosb

目  次

目  次 I
1 引言 1
1.1 無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)概述 1
1.1.1 無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)概念 1
1.1.2 無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)特點(diǎn) 2
1.2 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境檢測技術(shù) 2
1.2.1 環(huán)境檢測技術(shù)簡介 2
1.2.2 研究內(nèi)容 3
2 軟硬件實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng) 4
2.1 硬件平臺搭建 4
2.1.1 無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)硬件平臺的選擇 4
2.1.2 Telosb節(jié)點(diǎn)簡介 6
2.2 無線節(jié)點(diǎn)編程方法 7
2.2.1 nesC語言 7
2.2.2 TinyOS操作系統(tǒng)體系結(jié)構(gòu) 7
2.2.3 TinyOS操作系統(tǒng)接口部分 8
2.2.4 TinyOS操作系統(tǒng)組件和模塊部分 8
2.2.5 TinyOS操作系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)思路 9
3 基于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的環(huán)境檢測技術(shù) 9
3.1 基于MSP430的溫度檢測技術(shù) 9
3.1.1 MSP430芯片 9
3.1.2 溫度檢測誤差及修正 11
3.1.3 MSP430測溫程序設(shè)計(jì) 12
3.2 基于熱敏電阻MF52A的溫度檢測 13
3.2.1 MF52A熱敏電阻及硬件電路 13
3.2.2 MF52A測溫程序設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.3 基于Telosb節(jié)點(diǎn)的內(nèi)部電壓檢測 16
3.3.1 MSP430測壓程序設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.4 節(jié)點(diǎn)采樣頻率的可調(diào) 17
3.4.1 實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)采樣頻率可調(diào)的程序設(shè)計(jì) 17
4 無線拓?fù)渚W(wǎng)絡(luò)的搭建 19
4.1 無線通訊設(shè)計(jì) 19
4.1.1 CC2420芯片 19
4.1.2 CC2420無線通訊程序設(shè)計(jì) 20
4.2 串口通訊設(shè)計(jì) 22
4.2.1 FT232芯片與RS232串口通訊 22
4.2.2 CRC驗(yàn)證碼 24
4.3 無線自組網(wǎng)的構(gòu)建 26
4.3.1 無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)浒l(fā)現(xiàn) 26
4.3.2 構(gòu)建無線自組網(wǎng)的程序設(shè)計(jì) 27
5 上位機(jī)軟件的設(shè)計(jì) 29
5.1 上位機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)采集軟件設(shè)計(jì) 29
5.1.1 概述 29
5.1.2 結(jié)合硬件平臺的實(shí)驗(yàn)（1）——構(gòu)建無線自組網(wǎng) 31
5.1.3 結(jié)合硬件平臺的實(shí)驗(yàn)（2）——溫度采集系統(tǒng) 35
結(jié)  論 37
致  謝 38
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 39
附 錄 41