單片機(jī)密碼鎖論文


摘    要

隨著科技的日益發(fā)展，電子密碼控制系統(tǒng)已越來(lái)越符合人們的要求。本文介紹了基于單片機(jī)和串行EEPROM的智能密碼控制系統(tǒng),對(duì)系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)和軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描述。該系統(tǒng)采用AT89C51單片機(jī)和AT24C01串行EEPROM,通過(guò)AT89C51模擬I2C總線和AT24C01通訊,實(shí)現(xiàn)密碼控制的功能。
本文從經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用的角度出發(fā)，采用美國(guó)Atmel公司的單片機(jī)AT89C51作為主控芯片與數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器單元，結(jié)合外圍的矩陣鍵盤(pán)輸入、LCD液晶顯示、報(bào)警、開(kāi)鎖等，用C語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)主控芯片的控制程序與EEPROM讀寫(xiě)程序相結(jié)合，設(shè)計(jì)了一款可以多次更改密碼，具有報(bào)警功能的電子密碼控制系統(tǒng)。這種電路設(shè)計(jì)具有防試探按鍵輸入、智能控制上鎖、開(kāi)鎖、報(bào)警、修改密碼等多種功能。密碼長(zhǎng)度可變、保密性強(qiáng)、靈活性高。
經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，該密碼控制系統(tǒng)具有設(shè)計(jì)方法合理，簡(jiǎn)單易行，成本低，安全使用等特點(diǎn)，符合車輛、辦公室用鎖要求，具有推廣價(jià)值。

關(guān)鍵詞： 密碼控制；單片機(jī)；EEPROM讀寫(xiě)程序；報(bào)警

 
ABSTRACT
As the development of science and technology day by day, the key control system is more in line with the requirements of people. The paper presents a cryptographic smart password control based on MCU and serial EEPROM, describes hardware structure and software design of the system. It adopts AT89C51 and AT24C01, realizes the function of cryptographic smart password control. AT89C51 communicates with AT24C01 by I2C bus to achieve the password control function.
This article from the economical and practical point of view, the use of the United States Atmel Corporation AT89C51 microcontroller as a master chip and the data memory unit, combined with the external matrix keyboard input, LED digital display, alarm, unlock and so on, dominated by the C programming language chip EEPROM of the control procedures and the combination of reading and writing program designed to change a password many times, the police function with the electronic the password control. This circuit design with anti-test button input, intelligent control lock, unlock, alarm, multiple functions, such as Change Password. Password length can be changed, even more secret and flexible than others.
Experiments show that the password control system is characterized by its reasonable designing methods, simple operation, low cost and property of safety and practicality．Besides，the password control can be used in the office and has great potential for commercial development．

Key Words：Password control;  Single-chip;  EEPROM read and write procedures; Alarm

目    錄

1 引言 1
1.1 選題背景 1
1.2 電子密碼控制簡(jiǎn)介 1
1.3 電子密碼控制的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 1
1.4 本設(shè)計(jì)所要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo) 2
2 設(shè)計(jì)方案的選擇 3
2.1 方案一：采用數(shù)字電路控制 3
2.2 方案二：采用以單片機(jī)為核心的控制方案 3
3 主要元器件介紹及I2C總線說(shuō)明 4
3.1 主控芯片AT89C51 4
3.1.1 AT89C51性能簡(jiǎn)介 4
3.1.2 AT89C51引腳功能說(shuō)明 5
3.1.3 AT89C51芯片內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) 7
3.2 LCD1602顯示器 8
3.2.1 接口信號(hào)說(shuō)明 8
3.2.2 主要技術(shù)參數(shù) 9
3.2.3 基本操作程序 9
3.3 晶體振蕩器 9
3.4 AT24C01串行EEPROM 10
3.5 I2C總線說(shuō)明 11
4 系統(tǒng)硬件構(gòu)成 15
4.1 設(shè)計(jì)原理 15
4.2 電路總圖構(gòu)成 15
4.3 電源輸入部分 16
4.4 鍵盤(pán)輸入部分 16
4.5 復(fù)位部分 17
4.6 晶振部分 18
4.7 顯示部分 18
4.8 報(bào)警部分 19
5 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 20
5.1 主程序流程圖 20
5.2 按鍵功能流程圖 21
5.3 密碼設(shè)置流程圖 21
5.4 開(kāi)鎖流程圖 22
結(jié)    論 24
參考文獻(xiàn) 25
致    謝 26
附錄一：總原理圖 27
附錄二: 程序 29