基于單片機(jī)電熱水壺控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)



摘 要


本論文介紹以MCS-51系列單片機(jī)為控制芯片，控制電熱水壺進(jìn)行正常工作的方法。首先通過加熱電路對水進(jìn)行加熱，并用AD590對水的溫度進(jìn)行采樣和檢測，將采樣信號通過ADC0809將數(shù)字量送入單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行處理，經(jīng)信號轉(zhuǎn)換后，結(jié)合鍵盤控制實(shí)現(xiàn)LED顯示，同時實(shí)現(xiàn)對水的溫度控制和超過預(yù)設(shè)溫度時報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的啟動，以保障電水壺安全工作。

單片機(jī)控制熱水壺的硬件構(gòu)成包括8051芯片、地址鎖存器等所組成的單片機(jī)控制電路、溫度檢測電路、光電隔離電路、A/D轉(zhuǎn)換電路、鍵盤和顯示電路以及溫度加熱電路。整個系統(tǒng)的核心電路是單片機(jī)控制電路，它的功能是完成信號的輸入和輸出的轉(zhuǎn)換，通過程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)對信號的處理，控制加熱電路的通斷，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對整個系統(tǒng)的控制。對設(shè)計(jì)好的硬件電路進(jìn)行仿真，系統(tǒng)能夠平穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)行，從而表明設(shè)計(jì)的原理正確。

關(guān)鍵字：單片機(jī)；溫度控制；信號轉(zhuǎn)換


 


 


 


 


 




Abstract


This thesis introduces a method that the MCS-51 series microcontroller is the control chip to control the electric kettle to work normally. First, we use the electric heating circuit to heating the water and apply the AD590 to sample and test the temperature of the water, the sampled signal convey to digital through the ADC0809 into the microcontroller system for processing by computer processing, after micro computer processing and the keyboard control to realize LED display. Meanwhile, it can realize the control of water temperature and the start of alarm device when over temperature to make sure the kettle safety.

    Microcontroller hardware components include the 8051 kettle chips, address latch circuit and so on, in addition, it includes temperature detection circuit, optical isolation circuit, A/D converter circuit, keyboard and display circuit and the temperature heating circuit. The core circuit is the system MCU control circuit, and its function is to complete the input and output of signal conversion. It realizes the procession of signal through the program and control the heating circuit break or close, so as to realize the control of the whole system. After we make a simulation to the designed hardware circuit, we find the system can operate smoothly and accurately, it shows that the design principle is correct.

Keywords: SCM; temperature control; signal conversion


 


 


 


 


 


 


目 錄


引 言 1

第一章 元件和芯片簡介 2

1.1  8051單片機(jī)概述 2

1.1.1  8051引腳功能 3

1.1.2  中斷源 5

1.2  地址鎖存器 5

1.3 8255簡介 6

1.3.1 8255特性 6

1.3.2 8255管腳功能 7

1.4  模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器 8

1.4.1  ADC0809簡介 9

1.3.2  ADC0809工作原理 10

1.4.3  轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)據(jù)的傳送 11

1.5  溫度傳感器 11

1.6  輸入設(shè)備 12

1.6.1  鍵的特性 12

1.6.2  鍵盤的形式 14

1.6.3  鍵的工作方式 14

1.7  數(shù)碼管 14

1.7.1  LED的工作原理 15

1.7.2  數(shù)碼管的驅(qū)動 16

第二章 輔助電路的設(shè)計(jì) 18

2.1  8051相關(guān)電路設(shè)計(jì) 18

2.1.1  復(fù)位電路 18

2.1.2  振蕩器和時鐘電路 19

2.1.3  電源電路 19

2.1.4  抗干擾電路 20

2.2  溫度檢測電路 21

2.3  A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器的電路接口圖 22

2.4  加熱電路 23

2.5 報(bào)警裝置 24

第三章 單片機(jī)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 25

3.1  總的程序設(shè)計(jì)框圖 25

3.2  8255的程序設(shè)計(jì) 25

3.2.1  8255的程序的初始化 25

3.2.2  對端口C的置位/復(fù)位 26

3.3  鍵盤和顯示接口電路程序設(shè)計(jì) 26

3.3.1  鍵盤和顯示器的程序設(shè)計(jì) 26

3.3.2  鍵盤掃描子程序 29

第四章 系統(tǒng)仿真 31

4.1  仿真軟件簡介 31

4.1.1  軟件的特點(diǎn) 31

4.1.2  ISIS智能原理圖輸入系統(tǒng) 31

4.1.3  繪圖操作 32

4.2  系統(tǒng)電路圖 33

4.3  仿真結(jié)果 34

總 結(jié) 35

參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 36

致  謝 37