摘要
傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)縫紉機(jī)大多使用離合器調(diào)速感應(yīng)電機(jī)，系統(tǒng)調(diào)速范圍窄，位置控制困難，自動化程度低。隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，縫紉機(jī)的驅(qū)動方式從傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械類產(chǎn)品向機(jī)電一體化產(chǎn)品過度。永磁無刷電機(jī)是隨著電力電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)的一種新型電機(jī)，它具有交流電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、運(yùn)行可靠、維護(hù)方便的特點(diǎn)，又具有直流電機(jī)的良好的調(diào)速特性，現(xiàn)今已廣泛應(yīng)用于各種調(diào)速場合。本文針對無刷電機(jī)在現(xiàn)在縫紉工業(yè)中的應(yīng)用，介紹了一種無刷電機(jī)的控制方法。根據(jù)工業(yè)縫紉機(jī)要求啟動快、制動快、工作過程要求轉(zhuǎn)速穩(wěn)定等特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計了帶有轉(zhuǎn)速、電流雙閉環(huán)的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)，以PI調(diào)節(jié)器為轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器，電流調(diào)節(jié)器 也用PI調(diào)節(jié)器，以TL494為PWM脈沖產(chǎn)生芯片，經(jīng)過綜合邏輯電路加上位置反饋信號，由IR2130驅(qū)動電機(jī)的功率開關(guān)。主要內(nèi)容包括PWM生成電路和功率開關(guān)器件、綜合邏輯電路的選擇，以及驅(qū)動電路保護(hù)電路的設(shè)計等，還有整個調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的MATLAB仿真，仿真波形的分析。通過對不同控制方式的仿真，波形的分析選擇較好的控制方式，仿真結(jié)果表明系統(tǒng)有較好的可靠性、穩(wěn)定性和動態(tài)性能。

關(guān)鍵詞：縫紉機(jī) 無刷直流電機(jī) PWM調(diào)速 MATLAB仿真

















Abstract
The traditional industry sewing machine mostly uses the coupling to modulate velocity the asynchronous motor, the system velocity modulation scope is narrow, the position control difficulty, the automatization degree low. Along with technical progress, sewing machine drive type from traditional machinery class product to integration of machinery product excessively. Permanent magnetism brushless dc motor is one kind of new electrical machinery , which appears along with the electric power electronic technology development, it has the ac motor’s structure simply, the movement reliable, the maintenance convenient characteristic, also has the direct current machine good velocity modulation characteristic, nowadays widely has applied in each kind of velocity modulation situation. This paper aim at the Brushless DC Motor be applied in the sewing industry, introduce a new control method of BLDC. Based on Industry Sartorius’ characteristic, such as start-up rapidness, brake rapidness, work process rotate speed level off and so on, design one system with speed and current adjuster, the speed adjuster is PID and the current adjuster is PI , use the TL494 chip generate PWM pulse , pass the synthesis logic circuit and the feedback of rotor’s location through IR2130 drive the power switch . Mostly content consist of PWM generate circuit , synthesis logic circuit, power switch and drive circuit and so on , also entire system’s MATLAB emulate and the undee analysis . Via imitate of different control manner, the undee analysis, and then choose the best control manner. By the emulation indicate the entire system have preferable reliability, stability and dynamic capability.

Key words: sewing machine brushless DC motor modulate velocity by PWM MATLAB simulation













目錄
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 縫紉機(jī)及電機(jī)的工作特點(diǎn)和調(diào)節(jié)器的選擇 2
2.1縫紉機(jī)的工作特點(diǎn)分析及電機(jī)選擇 2
2.2無刷直流電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 2
2.3控制方案 3
2.4調(diào)節(jié)器選擇及動態(tài)參數(shù)設(shè)計 4
2.4.1電流調(diào)節(jié)器的設(shè)計 5
2.4.2轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器的設(shè)計 7
第三章 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 10
3.1位置檢測電路 10
3.2轉(zhuǎn)速檢測電路 11
3.3轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器 13
3.4 PWM生成電路及電流調(diào)節(jié)器 13
3.5綜合邏輯電路 15
3.6驅(qū)動電路 16
3.7各相導(dǎo)通信號產(chǎn)生電路 18
3.8系統(tǒng)整體電路圖 19
3.9 系統(tǒng)的工作原理 19
第四章 系統(tǒng)仿真及分析 22
4.1采用兩相導(dǎo)通方式 23
4.2三相導(dǎo)通方式 25
第五章 結(jié)論和展望 29
致謝 30
參考文獻(xiàn) 31