煙葉脫梗效果檢測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（論文）中文摘要

在對CCD(電荷耦合器件)技術(shù)進(jìn)行深入研究的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)了一種可行的煙葉脫梗效果檢測系統(tǒng)，它主要由煙葉攤薄部分、光源、驅(qū)動電源、圖像采集、二值化處理、單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)以及顯示輸出7部分組成,其工作原理是:先利用振動攤薄裝置對煙葉進(jìn)行單層化分離處理,然后對整體面積進(jìn)行掃描,將圖像數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行存儲處理,最終通過單片機(jī)計(jì)算顯示出不同面積段煙葉的比例.本文介紹了該系統(tǒng)的工作原理、電磁振動輸送機(jī)攤薄機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)、CCD器件的選取、光源及驅(qū)動電源設(shè)計(jì)、單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)展、圖像數(shù)據(jù)處理方法,程序框圖的設(shè)計(jì)等.重點(diǎn)是對新的圖像數(shù)據(jù)處理方法的提出,并對方案進(jìn)行了可行性論證,特別是利用單片機(jī)統(tǒng)計(jì)計(jì)算出數(shù)字圖像的面積,方法新穎簡潔,性價比高,實(shí)用性強(qiáng)。

關(guān)鍵詞   CCD 煙葉脫梗效果檢測 電磁振動輸送機(jī) 單片機(jī) 圖像數(shù)據(jù)處理
 
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（論文）外文摘要

Title  The design of checking system for the effect that the leaf of the tobacco escapes from the stem         
Abstract
In the basis of carrying out the depth of studying on the CCD (charge-coupled device) technology, and design one kind of feasible testing system for the effect that the leaf of the tobacco takes off the stem .it mainly by the part of spreading out the leaf of the tobacco thin, light source, power-driven, image acquisition, Binary processing, microprocessor systems and show that the output is composed of seven parts, Its principle : Firstly, carrying out the handling of monolayer that to split the tobacco using the vibration conveyor of spreading out the leaf of the tobacco thin ,as then , carries out scanning for whole area , and image data should be proceed storage process, eventually calculate and show the proportion of different area section of the tobacco through Single chip Microcomputer .the paper introduces the principle of the work, the design of the electromagnetic vibration conveyor diluted, the selection of CCD device, a light source and power supply design, SCM expansion of the system, the methods of handling image data processing, procedures diagram of the design. Focal point is putting forward for the new image data processing technique,as well as plans for the feasibility study, in particular, the novel method that using of SCM statistics calculated digital images of the area is originality and simple, the cost-effective is high ,and the pragmatism is strong.

Key Words  CCD  Checking for the effect that the leaf of the tobacco escapes from the stem  the electromagnetic vibration conveyor  Single chip Microcomputer  the handling of image data

目錄

1 引言 1
1.1 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的目的及要求 1
1.1.1  畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的目的 1
1.1.2  畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容和要求 1
1.2  本行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3  CCD技術(shù)簡介 2
2  總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 3
3  系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成 4
4  煙葉脫梗效果檢測系統(tǒng)的工作原理 5
5  機(jī)械攤薄裝置 6
5.1  工作原理 6
5.2  物料輸送原理 7
5.3  物料運(yùn)動狀態(tài)的選擇 8
5.4   機(jī)械指數(shù)K及振動次數(shù)n和振幅A1的選擇 9
5.5  振動方向角Ψ的選擇 9
5.6  槽體工作面傾角α的選擇 9
5.7  彈簧安裝角β 10
5.8  料槽材料 10
5.9  料槽尺寸及重量 10
5.10 主振彈簧剛度K的確定 10
5.11 彈簧截面尺寸及彈簧最小截面的確定 10
5.12 阻尼比b及相位差角ε 11
5.13電磁激振力和激振力幅值F’ 11
5.14電磁鐵設(shè)計(jì) 12
5.14.1 電磁鐵安裝方式 12
5.14.2  電磁鐵參數(shù)確定 13
5.14.3  電磁鐵的頻率和電壓 13
5.14.4  鐵心截面積ST 13
5.14.5  電磁鐵安裝氣隙及平均工作氣隙 14
5.14.6  線圈匝數(shù) 15
5.14.7  導(dǎo)線直徑 15
5.15  電磁振動攤薄裝置工作效率分析 15
5.15.1  激振間隙對輸送率的影響 15
5.15.2  槽體傾角對生產(chǎn)率的影響 16
5.15.3  驅(qū)動電壓對生產(chǎn)率的影響 17
5.16 電磁鐵驅(qū)動電路選擇 17
5.17  接料裝置設(shè)計(jì) 18
5.17.1 擋板尺寸﹑材料的確定 19
5.17.2 軸及其軸承的選擇 19
5.17.3 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇 19
6  圖像采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 20
6.1  光源 20
6.2  CCD圖象傳感器的選取 20
6.3  照度匹配 22
6.4  分辨率的計(jì)算 23
6.5  光學(xué)鏡頭設(shè)計(jì) 23
6.6  相對孔徑 24
6.7  驅(qū)動器時序設(shè)計(jì) 26
6.8  二值化處理 28
6.9  數(shù)據(jù)采集過程分析 29
7  單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 30
7.1  單片機(jī)中央處理單元CPU的選擇 30
7.2  AT89C51的時鐘電路 34
7.3  程序存儲器擴(kuò)展 34
7.4  地址鎖存器74LS373 35
7.5  數(shù)據(jù)存儲器擴(kuò)展 35
7.6  8155擴(kuò)展 35
7.7  顯示電路 36
8  圖像處理方法 37
9  程序設(shè)計(jì) 38
9.1  程序框圖 38
9.2  部分程序指令 40
10 影響測量精度的因素分析 42
結(jié)束語 ……………………………………………………………………………………43
致  謝 ……………………………………………………………………………………44
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)  ……………………………………………………………………………45