醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)中經(jīng)濟(jì)管理分系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)

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摘 要
在我國(guó)，隨著信息時(shí)代的到來(lái)，計(jì)算機(jī)在各行各業(yè)得到了越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用，醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)(Hospital Information System，簡(jiǎn)稱HIS)就是在這樣一種情況下發(fā)展起來(lái)的。通過(guò)應(yīng)用醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)醫(yī)院管理的現(xiàn)代化，提高工作效率，更好地為病人服務(wù)，同時(shí)結(jié)合醫(yī)療和管理過(guò)程的實(shí)際需要，將信息作為醫(yī)院的一項(xiàng)重要資源，集中管理，提高管理水平、輔助決策，使醫(yī)院經(jīng)濟(jì)朝著高效益、高質(zhì)量的方向發(fā)展。
醫(yī)院的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，主要發(fā)生在門(mén)診、住院處、藥劑管理中。每日的收入主要靠門(mén)診、住院處兩個(gè)窗口來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文所開(kāi)發(fā)的正是醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分，包括門(mén)診掛號(hào)、門(mén)診劃價(jià)收費(fèi)和住院收費(fèi)三個(gè)部分，實(shí)現(xiàn)醫(yī)院收費(fèi)全過(guò)程由計(jì)算機(jī)完成，既增加了醫(yī)院的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，也同時(shí)解決了患者交費(fèi)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的老大難問(wèn)題，加強(qiáng)了醫(yī)院管理的科學(xué)化、規(guī)范化。
論文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面對(duì)本文的工作進(jìn)行論述和說(shuō)明。首先闡述了醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)在國(guó)內(nèi)外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和存在的問(wèn)題，提出了本系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)的意義和研究的內(nèi)容。然后從醫(yī)院的業(yè)務(wù)流程和調(diào)研結(jié)果考慮，對(duì)本次開(kāi)發(fā)的醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)從整體上進(jìn)行需求分析，確定整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)原則、設(shè)計(jì)思想。在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合醫(yī)院經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分的功能特點(diǎn)及實(shí)際要求，詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)了經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分的開(kāi)發(fā)方案，主要包括門(mén)診掛號(hào)收費(fèi)管理子系統(tǒng)和住院收費(fèi)管理子系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案，系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)流圖和E－R圖設(shè)計(jì)，并對(duì)系統(tǒng)安全和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)?？紤]到用戶需求和實(shí)際情況，結(jié)合設(shè)計(jì)方案，每個(gè)子系統(tǒng)都具有其自身的特點(diǎn)，本文將對(duì)每一個(gè)子系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)功能和特點(diǎn)給予重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明和示例。
最后本文針對(duì)本次開(kāi)發(fā)的完整的醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行測(cè)試，選擇合適的測(cè)試方法，設(shè)計(jì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試用例，發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)中存在的問(wèn)題，用以保證軟件的質(zhì)量和可靠性。

關(guān)鍵詞：醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)；經(jīng)濟(jì)管理；數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)；測(cè)試

The Design and Realization of Economic Management of HIS

Abstract
In China, with the arrival of the information age, computer have been widely used in various trades .Hospital Information System(HIS)is in such a situation to develop. Through the application of HIS, realizing a modern hospital management, improving work’s efficiency, delivering better services for patients. Consider the information as an important resource, combined with medical management process and the actual needs of the hospital centralized management, to improve the level of management, decision support, enable the hospital to the economy toward high-efficiency, high-quality development.
The mainly hospital economic activities are in out-patient, hospital, pharmacy management. The daily income mainly depends on two windows of outpatient and hospital department .This paper develop the hospital information system of economic management, including patient registration ,patient fees and hospital charges three part, which realize the entire process of the of hospital charges by computer, which not only make the offer out, review and closure, classification, collected quickly and accurately, but also provide a large number of comprehensive data ,which increase the economic efficiency of the hospitals, resolve long-standing problems of the patients to pay .which enhance the hospital management to scientific and standardized.
The papers mainly from the following aspects of the work done for exposition and show .This paper describes the development of the HIS at home and abroad and the existing problems first ,put the significance of this system and the contents of this research. Then considering the hospital's overall business processes and the results of a survey, the development of the HIS as a whole needs analysis to determine the design of the entire system design principles. Combined functional characteristics and the actual requirements of hospital’s economic management .The paper design detailed the development program of economic management ,including patient registration, patient fees and hospital charges development program, data flow diagram of system and the designation of Entity - Relationship and design database and system security. Considering the user needs and actual conditions, combined the development program ,design options for each of the subsystems have their own characteristics. This paper will give descriptions and examples of functions and features of each subsystem. Finally this paper give a test of a complete hospital information system, selection of suitable testing methods. Designation the test of the whole system and finding the existing problem of the system, to ensure the quality and reliability of software.

Key Words：Hospital Information System；Economic Management；the database design；Test

目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
1 緒論 3
1.1 醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)的概述 3
1.2 醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展情況和現(xiàn)狀 3
1.2.1 國(guó)外的發(fā)展情況和現(xiàn)狀 3
1.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)的發(fā)展情況和現(xiàn)狀 4
1.3 醫(yī)院信息化的必要性 4
1.4 本文的研究方向和主要工作 5
2 相關(guān)知識(shí)介紹 7
2.1 PowerBuilder數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)語(yǔ)言 7
2.2 C/S體系結(jié)構(gòu) 7
2.3 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù) 9
2.3.1 數(shù)據(jù)管理技術(shù)的發(fā)展 9
2.3.2 SQL Server 2000大型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 10
2.3.3 結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語(yǔ)句－SQL 11
2.3.4 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì) 12
2.4 軟件工程方法 13
2.4.1 軟件概念 13
2.4.2 軟件開(kāi)發(fā)周期 14
2.4.3 面向?qū)ο蟮拈_(kāi)發(fā)思想 15
3 醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案概述 17
3.1 設(shè)計(jì)原則和目標(biāo) 17
3.1.1 設(shè)計(jì)原則 17
3.1.2 設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) 18
3.2 設(shè)計(jì)模塊及結(jié)構(gòu) 18
3.3 硬件環(huán)境分析與選擇 19
4 醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)中經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分的設(shè)計(jì)方案 20
4.1 經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分概述 20
4.2 經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分功能設(shè)計(jì) 20
4.2.1 門(mén)診掛號(hào)收費(fèi)管理子系統(tǒng)功能設(shè)計(jì) 21
4.2.2 住院收費(fèi)管理子系統(tǒng)功能設(shè)計(jì) 22
4.3 經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì) 23
4.3.1 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)原則 23
4.3.2 SQL Server 2000關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的約束 24
4.3.3 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的規(guī)范化設(shè)計(jì) 25
4.3.4 經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)表格的設(shè)計(jì) 26
5 醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部分的具體實(shí)現(xiàn) 27
5.1 門(mén)診掛號(hào)收費(fèi)管理子系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn) 27
5.1.1 系統(tǒng)的需求分析 27
5.1.2 系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)分析和設(shè)計(jì) 28
5.1.3 系統(tǒng)功能流程 30
5.1.4 系統(tǒng)主窗口組成 31
5.1.5 系統(tǒng)菜單組成 31
5.1.6 系統(tǒng)功能介紹 31
5.1.7 系統(tǒng)功能使用 33
5.2 住院收費(fèi)管理子系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn) 41
5.2.1 系統(tǒng)的需求分析 41
5.2.2 系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)分析和設(shè)計(jì) 42
5.2.3 系統(tǒng)功能流程 43
5.2.4 系統(tǒng)主窗口組成 43
5.2.5 系統(tǒng)菜單組成 44
5.2.6 系統(tǒng)功能介紹 44
5.2.7 系統(tǒng)功能使用 45
6 醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試 50
6.1 測(cè)試的相關(guān)知識(shí) 50
6.1.1 測(cè)試的目的 50
6.1.2 測(cè)試的步驟 50
6.1.3 測(cè)試的方法 51
6.1.4 測(cè)試用例開(kāi)發(fā) 51
6.2 醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試過(guò)程 52
6.2.1 參考文檔 52
6.2.2 約定 52
6.2.3 測(cè)試過(guò)程 53
6.2.4 測(cè)試結(jié)案 54
結(jié) 論 56
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 57
攻讀碩士學(xué)位期間發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)論文情況 59
致 謝 60
大連理工大學(xué)學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書(shū) 61

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