摘 要：植桑養(yǎng)蠶是我國(guó)一些地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，在養(yǎng)蠶過程年產(chǎn)近百萬噸的蠶沙。為了合理利用蠶沙資源，本課題主要研究了制備葉綠素銅鈉鹽的新工藝，并優(yōu)化了工藝條件，以指導(dǎo)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)。首先對(duì)原料蠶沙進(jìn)行葉綠素提取率的測(cè)定，并將微波提取法與普通溶劑提取法進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)論證明，微波提取法的提取率要比普通溶劑提取法的提取率高出一倍。其次考察了預(yù)處理過程中微波輻射時(shí)間、溶劑用量、溶劑與物料比例等因素的影響，確定初步的蠶沙萃取工藝條件，并優(yōu)化相關(guān)的工藝條件。在試驗(yàn)范圍內(nèi)所得的數(shù)據(jù)表明:在微波輻射時(shí)間90s、破壁劑濃度40%、破壁助劑用量1：2(V[ml]:W[g]) 、提取溫度60min的條件下，提取效果最佳。最后，研究了所提取的葉綠素溶液皂化條件，并摸索了葉綠素銅鈉鹽的制取條件。發(fā)現(xiàn)分離操作中，溫度40℃、皂化60min效果明顯，在酸性pH值為2.4的條件下銅代的60min效果較好，得到的產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)也好。
關(guān)鍵詞:蠶沙；微波輔助萃取;金屬卟啉




Research on porphyrin-Copper-Sodium separate from silkworm

Student’ s name: DU qiang­wei Advisor: WANG Shi­cai
（School of Biological and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and Technology）

Abstract: For rationally utilizing silkworm faeces，it was primarily researched in this article on the new processing of preparing sodium copper chlorophyllin from silk worm and the optimal processing faeces to coaching industry production. Firstly,some work has been done on the chlorophyll extraction rate from silkworm with two different method.The conclusion proves that the extraction rate of microwave assistant extacrtion is two times than the conventional one.In this study，the influence factors were studied including irradiated time，volume of solvent，co-agent proportion etc. during the microwave pretreatment procedure.And by these investigations，tussah extracted condition was determined and optimiezd. The results indicated best that under the following conditions:irradiaetd time 90s，the concentration of cell wall crack agent 40%，the ratio of material and cell wall crack agent is 1：2(V[ml]:W[g])，extracted temperature 60℃.Lastly，the operating conditions were found for chlorophyll solvent separation and chlorophyllin-copper-sodium preparation. The excellent Saponification effect can be obtained under the following parameters:tempeartuer 40 saponated time 60min; Under the acidity condition，the yieldis higher after 60 min copper exchanged reaction.
Keywords：silkworm；microwave assistant extraction; metalloporphyrin









目 錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
1 緒論 1
1.1 蠶沙簡(jiǎn)介 1
1.1.1蠶沙的主要成分 1
1.1.2蠶沙的應(yīng)用概況 1
1.2卟啉及金屬卟啉簡(jiǎn)介 2
1.2.1結(jié)構(gòu)及性質(zhì)分析 2
1.2.2 卟啉及金屬卟啉化合物的合成 3
1.2.3應(yīng)用概況 5
1.3課題研究意義 7
2 試驗(yàn)部分 8
2.1試驗(yàn)所需藥品和儀器列表 8
2.1.1主要化學(xué)藥品 8
2.1.2主要試驗(yàn)儀器 8
2.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理及工藝流程圖 8
2.2.1實(shí)驗(yàn)原理 8
2.2.2工藝流程圖 9
2.3蠶沙中葉綠素提取工藝條件 10
2.3.1單因素試驗(yàn) 10
2.3.2 正交試驗(yàn) 11
2.4葉綠素制取卟啉銅鈉鹽的實(shí)驗(yàn) 12
2.4.1皂化試驗(yàn) 12
2.4.2 銅代試驗(yàn) 12
2.5 分析檢測(cè)方法 13
2.5.1分光光度法測(cè)量葉綠素含量 13
2.5.2卟啉銅鈉鹽的測(cè)定 13
3 結(jié)果與討論 14
3.1蠶沙中葉綠素含量測(cè)定結(jié)果 14
3.2微波提取法與溶劑提取法的對(duì)比試驗(yàn) 14
3.3蠶沙中葉綠素提取試驗(yàn) 15
3.3.1單因素試驗(yàn)結(jié)果 15
3.3.2正交試驗(yàn) 19
3.4葉綠素制取卟啉銅鈉鹽的試驗(yàn) 20
3.4.1皂化試驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析 20
3.4.2銅代試驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析 22
3.4.3卟啉銅鈉鹽的檢測(cè)結(jié)果 23
4 總結(jié)與展望 26
致 謝 27
參考文獻(xiàn) 28