TCP / IP in Linux implementation

1common TCP / IP logic structure;
And ISO proposed OSI network layer (layer 7), TCP / IP defines five layer.
Function of each layer and the corresponding hardware:
Physical layer: defines the transport level and hardware interface standard..
Data link layer: corresponding to the card ( in this layer to call the specific read / write functions to the package through the card out )
Network layer: used for routing, put in charge of a packet sent to the specified network machine;
Transport layer: the received packet is transmitted from the specific processes ( according to the port number );
Application layer: the useful data for reassembly, defining a transmission port and so on;
2 TCP / IP protocol stack in Linux level
LINUX under the TCP / IP protocol stack is 4.4BSD as template, estimated to be present in most operating system is used as a template, support for BSD Socket programming, that is commonly used in network programming model;
On the server side:
1call socket ( ) to create a socket;
TCP/IP在linux下的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)

1 通用TCP/IP邏輯結(jié)構(gòu);
與ISO提出的OSI定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次(7層)不同,tcp/ip就定義了五層.













各層的主要功能及對(duì)應(yīng)的硬件:
物理層:定義傳輸?shù)碾娖郊坝布涌跇?biāo)準(zhǔn)..
數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層:對(duì)應(yīng)的是網(wǎng)卡的驅(qū)動(dòng)(在這層調(diào)用具體的read/write函數(shù)把包通過(guò)網(wǎng)卡發(fā)出去)
網(wǎng)絡(luò)層:用來(lái)路由的,負(fù)責(zé)把一個(gè)包發(fā)到指定的網(wǎng)絡(luò)機(jī)器等;
傳輸層:把收到的包傳給具體的進(jìn)程(根據(jù)端口號(hào))等;
應(yīng)用層:把有用的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行重新組裝,定義要傳輸?shù)亩丝诘鹊?
2 .TCP/IP協(xié)議棧在linux下的層次
LINUX下tcp/ip協(xié)議棧是以4.4 BSD為模板,估計(jì)目前大多數(shù)操作系統(tǒng)都是以此為模板的,支持BSD Socket 編程,即常用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程模型;
在服務(wù)器端:
1. 調(diào)用socket()創(chuàng)建一個(gè)socket;
2. bind()
3. listen()
4. accept();
5. read/write()
在客戶端
1 socket();
2 connect();
3 read/write();