中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的現(xiàn)狀和趨勢(shì)研究

頁(yè)數(shù) 25 總字?jǐn)?shù) 16738

摘 要

改革開放以來(lái), 中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為令世人矚目的國(guó)際貿(mào)易大國(guó)和引進(jìn)外資大國(guó) , 但是中國(guó)的對(duì)外直接投資則長(zhǎng)期沒(méi)有得到足夠的重視 , 甚至在很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間里沒(méi)有可靠的官方統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)公布。事實(shí)上 , 近年來(lái)伴隨中國(guó)“走出去”戰(zhàn)略的逐步實(shí)施 , 中國(guó)已成為受世界矚目的新興的對(duì)外直接投資來(lái)源地。但是我國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資也存在一些問(wèn)題，其主要問(wèn)題是地區(qū)分布不盡合理;投資規(guī)模小 ,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益偏低;投資存在一定的盲目性;缺乏高效統(tǒng)一的宏觀管理與協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu);海外企業(yè)缺乏高素質(zhì)人才 ,經(jīng)營(yíng)管理水平不高;我國(guó)海外投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)尚缺乏有效的防范制度和措施。為加快發(fā)展我國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資 ,應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):盡快走出對(duì)外直接投資的認(rèn)識(shí)誤區(qū);對(duì)外直接投資布局要合理化;做好經(jīng)營(yíng)戰(zhàn)略的選擇 ,提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 ,避免重復(fù)建設(shè);加強(qiáng)對(duì)外直接投資的宏觀管理;大力培養(yǎng)跨國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)人才 ,加強(qiáng)企業(yè)管理。中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資正處于迅速發(fā)展時(shí)期 , 這對(duì)于中國(guó)參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化具有重要的意義。中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資表現(xiàn)出發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)外直接投資初期的典型特征 , 然而中國(guó)的對(duì)外直接投資仍然具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)。只要中國(guó)企業(yè)積極參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化 , 發(fā)揮并積累競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì) , 中國(guó)企業(yè)的國(guó)際化將會(huì)健康、快速的發(fā)展。

關(guān)鍵詞：對(duì)外直接投資,現(xiàn)狀,發(fā)展趨勢(shì),產(chǎn)業(yè),區(qū)位
Abstract


Since the reform, China has already become a big country of the international trade and the big country of absorbing large quantity of foreign capital , but China outward and direct investments haven’t been regarded over a long period of time, even having no proclamation of dependable official covariance data .In fact ,with the actualizing of the strategy of "walk out" in recent years, China have become a new original place of outward and direct investments in the world .But China’s outward and directly investments also exist some problems .And the main problems are the irrationality of the region distributing; the scale of the investment is too small, the economic benefit is low ;the investment exist certain blindness ;lack of efficient and unitive macro management and moderate organization ;the oversea business enterprises lack of high talented people, the level of the management is not high ;our overseas investments also lack of effective defending system and measures .In order to develop outward and direct investments quickly, we should pay attention to the following points :going out from the misunderstanding of the outward and direct investments as soon as possible to ;try to make the outward and direct investments rationalization ;make a good choice of conducting strategies, increasing the economic benefit, avoid constructing repeatly ;strengthen the macroscopic management of the outward and direct investments;, cultivate the person with ability of multinational. Strengthen the management of the company .China outward and direct investments is be placed in a quick development period, this have an important meaning to China in an economic globalization .China’s outward and direct investments express a character of developing country, however, China’s outward and direct investments still have advantage of comparison .As long as the Chinese business enterprise participates the economic globalization actively, and exerting and accumulate competitive advantage, the internationalization of the Chinese business enterprise will develop healthy and quickly.


key words：outward and direct investment actuality developing trend industry district

目 錄


引言…………………………………………………………………… 7
一、中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資面臨的新形勢(shì)……………………………8
（一）經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的新趨勢(shì)…………………………………………………8
（二）中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的外部環(huán)境與時(shí)機(jī)…………………………9
（三）中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的內(nèi)在動(dòng)因和條件………………………10
二、中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的基本狀況………………………………12
（一）中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的產(chǎn)業(yè)分布特點(diǎn)…………………………12
（二）中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的區(qū)位分布特點(diǎn)…………………………14
（三）中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的主要問(wèn)題……………………………… 17
三、遵循投資規(guī)律，借鑒世界跨國(guó)公司經(jīng)驗(yàn)調(diào)整對(duì)外投資戰(zhàn)略18
（一）以發(fā)展中國(guó)家為基礎(chǔ)，不斷擴(kuò)大對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和地區(qū)投資………18
（二）調(diào)整海外投資產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，積極投資現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)和現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)…19
（三）大力推進(jìn)本土化戰(zhàn)略，與當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)一起成長(zhǎng)……………………19
（四）積極推進(jìn)品牌戰(zhàn)略，與當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)一起成長(zhǎng)……………………… 20
（五）注重技術(shù)戰(zhàn)略，形成海內(nèi)外一體化的技術(shù)開發(fā)體系…………… 20
（六）注重投資方式選擇，加大跨國(guó)并購(gòu)力度………………………… 21
（七）加強(qiáng)對(duì)外投資促進(jìn)的政策支持，創(chuàng)建完備的企業(yè)海外投資促進(jìn)體系……………………………………………………………………21
（八）以企業(yè)為主導(dǎo)，市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向促進(jìn)中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資……… 22
（九）借勢(shì)借力，“走出去”和“引進(jìn)來(lái)”相結(jié)合……………………… 22
四、中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的潛力與趨勢(shì)………………………………… 22

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結(jié)束語(yǔ)………………………………………………………………………23
參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………… 25
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)


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