Abstract:

Forming can be defined as a process in which the desired size and shape are ob-tained through the plastic deformations of a material. The stresses induced during the process are greater than the yield strength, but less than the fracture strength, of the material. The type of loading may be tensile, compressive, bending, or shearing, or a combination of these. This is a very economical process as the desired shape, size, and finish can be obtained without any significant loss of material. Moreover, a part of the input energy is fruitfully utilized in improving the strength of the product through strain hardening.

Keywords: Forming Rolling Forging Extrusion

摘 要

成型可以被定義為一個(gè)過(guò)程,在這個(gè)過(guò)程中,所需的尺寸和形狀可通過(guò)材料的塑性變形獲得。在此過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力大于屈服強(qiáng)度,但小于材料的斷裂強(qiáng)度。該類(lèi)型的載荷可能是拉伸、壓縮、可彎曲,或者剪切,或這些情況的組合。這是一種非常經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠的過(guò)程，因?yàn)闆](méi)有明顯的材料損失就能獲得預(yù)期的形狀、大小、和結(jié)果。另外，可以通過(guò)應(yīng)變硬化的方法把一部分輸入能量充分的應(yīng)用在提高產(chǎn)品強(qiáng)度上。

關(guān)鍵詞:成型；軋制；鍛造；擠壓