本科畢業(yè)論文 煤礦瓦斯和煤塵的監(jiān)測與控制

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摘 要

煤礦安全生產(chǎn)是目前社會(huì)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)問題之一，尤其是在能源緊張，對(duì)煤碳的需求量不斷增加的情況下，煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)問題更是值得我們關(guān)注，這也是建設(shè)平安和諧社會(huì)的重要組成部分。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，大部分事故的罪魁禍?zhǔn)锥际峭咚够蛎簤m爆炸，瓦斯在煤礦的開采中是不可避免的。因此，礦井下的瓦斯和煤塵對(duì)煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)構(gòu)成了重大威脅，做好煤礦井下瓦斯和煤塵的監(jiān)測與控制是保證煤礦安全生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵所在。
本文求出總回風(fēng)巷的瓦斯絕對(duì)涌出量和瓦斯相對(duì)涌出量，與所給標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行比較，鑒別出該礦屬于“高瓦斯礦井”。根據(jù)附表2中的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)各工作面和各巷道瓦斯?jié)舛瘸瑯?biāo)次數(shù)，作為出現(xiàn)不安全事件的頻數(shù)，該頻數(shù)與總監(jiān)測次數(shù)之比作為出現(xiàn)不安全事件的程度，該煤礦不安全的程度為： 。根據(jù)附圖1，結(jié)合附表2的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)，按照煤礦開采的實(shí)際情況以及《煤礦安全規(guī)程》的實(shí)際要求，綜合運(yùn)用擬合、插值等方法解此非線性有約束極小問題，求出了該煤礦所需要的最佳（總）通風(fēng)量，以及兩個(gè)采煤工作面所需要的風(fēng)量和局部通風(fēng)機(jī)的額定風(fēng)量。
ABSTRACT
The coal mine safety production is one of the focus that concerned by the public, especially under the background that the world is in short of energy and the demand of the coal is increasing continuously, the coal mine safety production is worthy of our better concern, and this is also contributed to build a safe and harmonious society. We find that most accidents should be due to the fire damp explosion or grime explosion, while the gas is unavoidable during the coal mine production. Therefore, the gas and the grime in the coal mine is very dangerous to the safety production, how to detect and control the gas and the grime is the key to make sure of the coal mine safety production.
This paper figure out the absolute firedamp(QCH4)and the opposite firedamp(qCH4)in the wind circle lane, and then compare the result with the standard data, then confirm it’s ‘a(chǎn) high gas well’ .According to the monitor data in table 2,stat the times that gas density exceeded normal in each work department and each lane, and this can be seen as the frequency in which the insecurity affairs appeared, the ratio of the frequency and the total monitor times should be the insecurity degree, the insecurity degree of ...
Keywords gas; ventilation; fitting; nonlinear constrained optimization
目 錄

一、問題重述………………………………………………………………1
二、模型假設(shè)………………………………………………………………2
三、模型的建立與求解……………………………………………………2
（一）鑒別該煤礦類型……………………………………………………3
（二）判斷該煤礦不安全程度……………………………………………3
1.由瓦斯引發(fā)爆炸事故的可能性…………………………………………3
2.由煤塵引發(fā)爆炸事故的可能性…………………………………………3
（三）確定該煤礦所需要的最佳通風(fēng)量…………………………………4
四、模型的優(yōu)化與改進(jìn)……………………………………………………9
附錄………………………………………………………………………11
參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………16

關(guān)鍵字：瓦斯；通風(fēng)量；擬合；非線性有約束極小問題
參考文獻(xiàn)

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